COVID-19's Radiologic, Functional, and Serologic Consequences at 6-Month and 18-Month Follow-up: A Prospective Cohort Study.

IF 3 3区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Journal of Korean Medical Science Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI:10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e228

Cherry Kim, Hyeri Seok, Jooyun Kim, Dae Won Park, Marly van Assen, Carlo N De Cecco, Hangseok Choi, Chohee Kim, Sung Ho Hwang, Hwan Seok Yong, Yu-Whan Oh, Won Suk Choi

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Abstract

Background: We evaluated the radiologic, pulmonary functional, and antibody statuses of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients 6 and 18 months after discharge, comparing changes in status and focusing on risk factors for residual computed tomography (CT) abnormalities.

Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted on COVID-19 patients discharged between April 2020 and January 2021. Chest CT, pulmonary function testing (PFT), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunoglobulin G (IgG) measurements were performed 6 and 18 months after discharge. We evaluated factors associated with residual CT abnormalities and the correlation between lesion volume in CT (lesion_volume), PFT, and IgG levels.

Results: This study included 68 and 42 participants evaluated 6 and 18 months, respectively, after hospitalizations for COVID-19. CT abnormalities were noted in 22 participants (32.4%) at 6 months and 13 participants (31.0%) at 18 months. Lesion_volume was significantly lower at 18 months than 6 months (P < 0.001). Patients with CT abnormalities at 6 months showed lower forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC), and patients with CT abnormalities at 18 months exhibited lower FVC. FVC significantly improved between 6 and 18 months of follow-up (all P < 0.0001). SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels were significantly higher in patients with CT abnormalities at 6 and 18 months (P < 0.001). At 18-month follow-up assessments, age was associated with CT abnormalities (odds ratio, 1.17; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.32; P = 0.01), and lesion_volume showed a positive correlation with IgG level (r = 0.643, P < 0.001).

Conclusion: At 18-month follow-up assessments, 31.0% of participants exhibited residual CT abnormalities. Age and higher SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels were significant predictors, and FVC was related to abnormal CT findings at 18 months. Lesion_volume and FVC improved between 6 and 18 months.

Trial registration: Clinical Research Information Service Identifier: KCT0008573.

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6 个月和 18 个月随访时 COVID-19 的放射学、功能和血清学后果：一项前瞻性队列研究。

背景：我们评估了2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）患者出院6个月和18个月后的放射学、肺功能和抗体状况，比较了状况的变化，并重点研究了残留计算机断层扫描（CT）异常的风险因素：这项前瞻性队列研究针对 2020 年 4 月至 2021 年 1 月期间出院的 COVID-19 患者。出院后6个月和18个月分别进行了胸部CT、肺功能测试（PFT）和严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）免疫球蛋白G（IgG）测定。我们评估了与残留 CT 异常相关的因素以及 CT 病变体积（lesionvolume）、PFT 和 IgG 水平之间的相关性：本研究包括分别在 COVID-19 住院 6 个月和 18 个月后进行评估的 68 名和 42 名参与者。6个月时有22人（32.4%）发现CT异常，18个月时有13人（31.0%）发现CT异常。病变体积在 18 个月时明显低于 6 个月时（P < 0.001）。6 个月时 CT 异常的患者 1 秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）和 FEV1/用力呼吸容量（FVC）较低，18 个月时 CT 异常的患者 FVC 较低。随访 6 至 18 个月期间，患者的 FVC 明显改善（P 均小于 0.0001）。CT 异常患者的 SARS-CoV-2 IgG 水平在 6 个月和 18 个月时明显升高（P < 0.001）。在 18 个月的随访评估中，年龄与 CT 异常相关（几率比 1.17；95% 置信区间 1.03-1.32；P = 0.01），病变体积与 IgG 水平呈正相关（r = 0.643，P < 0.001）：结论：在 18 个月的随访评估中，31.0% 的参与者表现出残余 CT 异常。年龄和较高的 SARS-CoV-2 IgG 水平是重要的预测因素，18 个月时的 FVC 与 CT 异常结果有关。病变体积和 FVC 在 6 至 18 个月期间有所改善：试验注册：临床研究信息服务标识符：试验注册：临床研究信息服务标识符：KCT0008573。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Korean Medical Science 医学-医学：内科

CiteScore

7.80

自引率

8.90%

发文量

320

审稿时长

3-6 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Korean Medical Science (JKMS) is an international, peer-reviewed Open Access journal of medicine published weekly in English. The Journal’s publisher is the Korean Academy of Medical Sciences (KAMS), Korean Medical Association (KMA). JKMS aims to publish evidence-based, scientific research articles from various disciplines of the medical sciences. The Journal welcomes articles of general interest to medical researchers especially when they contain original information. Articles on the clinical evaluation of drugs and other therapies, epidemiologic studies of the general population, studies on pathogenic organisms and toxic materials, and the toxicities and adverse effects of therapeutics are welcome.