Novel metabolic and lipidomic biomarkers of sarcopenia

IF 9.4 1区医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI:10.1002/jcsm.13567

Wei-Hsiang Hsu, San-Yuan Wang, Yen-Ming Chao, Ke-Vin Chang, Der-Sheng Han, Yun-Lian Lin

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Abstract

Background

The pathophysiology of sarcopenia is complex and multifactorial and has not been fully elucidated. The impact of resistance training and nutritional support (RTNS) on metabolomics and lipodomics in older adults with sarcopenia remains uncertain. This study aimed to explore potential biomarkers of sarcopenia and clinical indicators of RTNS in older sarcopenic adults.

Methods

Older individuals diagnosed with sarcopenia through routine health checkups at a community hospital were recruited for a 12-week randomized controlled trial focusing on RTNS. Plasma metabolomic and lipidomic profiles of 45 patients with sarcopenia and 47 matched controls were analysed using ¹H-nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H-NMR) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer (LC–MS).

Results

At baseline, the patient and control groups had similar age, sex, and height distribution. The patient group had significantly lower weight, BMI, grip strength, gait speed, skeletal muscle index, lean mass of both the upper and lower limbs, and lower limb bone mass. There was a significant difference in 12 metabolites between the control and patient groups. They are isoleucine (patient/control fold change [FC] = 0.86 ± 0.04, P = 0.0005), carnitine (FC = 1.05 ± 0.01, P = 0.0110), 1-methylhistamine/3-methylhistamine (FC = 1.24 ± 0.14, P = 0.0039), creatinine (FC = 0.71 ± 0.04, P < 0.0001), carnosine (FC = 0.71 ± 0.04, P = 0.0007), ureidopropionic acid (FC = 0.61 ± 0.10, P = 0.0107), uric acid (FC = 0.88 ± 0.03, P = 0.0083), PC (18:2/20:0) (FC = 0.69 ± 0.03, P = 0.0010), PC (20:2/18:0) (FC = 0.70 ± 0.06, P = 0.0014), PC (18:1/20:1) (FC = 0.74 ± 0.05, P = 0.0015), PI 32:1 (FC = 4.72 ± 0.17, P = 0.0006), and PI 34:3 (FC = 1.88 ± 0.13, P = 0.0003). Among them, carnitine, 1-methylhistamine/3-methylhistamine, creatinine, ureidopropionic acid, uric acid, PI 32:1, and PI 34:3 were first identified. Notably, PI 32:1 had highest diagnostic accuracy (0.938) for sarcopenia. 1-Methylhistamine/3-methylhistamine, carnosine, PC (18:2/20:0), PI 32:1, and PI 34:3 levels were not different from the control group after RTNS. These metabolites are involved in amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and the PI3K-AKT/mTOR signalling pathway through the ingenuity pathway analysis.

Conclusions

These findings provide information on metabolic changes, lipid perturbations, and the role of RTNS in patients with sarcopenia. They reveal new insights into its pathological mechanisms and potential therapies.

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肌肉疏松症的新型代谢和脂质体生物标志物。

背景：肌肉疏松症的病理生理学是复杂的、多因素的，尚未完全阐明。阻力训练和营养支持（RTNS）对患有肌肉疏松症的老年人的代谢组学和脂肪组学的影响仍不确定。本研究旨在探究肌肉疏松症的潜在生物标志物以及阻力训练和营养支持（RTNS）对患有肌肉疏松症的老年人的临床指标：方法：招募通过社区医院常规体检确诊为肌肉疏松症的老年人，进行为期 12 周的随机对照试验，重点关注 RTNS。我们使用 1H 核磁共振（1H-NMR）和液相色谱-质谱仪（LC-MS）分析了 45 名肌肉疏松症患者和 47 名匹配对照组的血浆代谢组学和脂质组学特征：基线时，患者组和对照组的年龄、性别和身高分布相似。患者组的体重、体重指数、握力、步速、骨骼肌指数、上下肢瘦体重和下肢骨量明显低于对照组。对照组和患者组在 12 种代谢物上存在明显差异。这些代谢物分别是异亮氨酸（患者/对照组折叠变化[FC] = 0.86 ± 0.04，P = 0.0005）、肉碱（FC = 1.05 ± 0.01，P = 0.0110）、1-甲基组胺/3-甲基组胺（FC = 1.24 ± 0.14，P = 0.0039）、肌酐（FC = 0.71 ± 0.04，P 结论：这些代谢物在患者和对照组之间存在显著差异：这些研究结果提供了有关代谢变化、脂质紊乱和 RTNS 在肌肉疏松症患者中的作用的信息。它们揭示了有关其病理机制和潜在疗法的新见解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL-

CiteScore

13.30

自引率

12.40%

发文量

234

审稿时长

16 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle is a peer-reviewed international journal dedicated to publishing materials related to cachexia and sarcopenia, as well as body composition and its physiological and pathophysiological changes across the lifespan and in response to various illnesses from all fields of life sciences. The journal aims to provide a reliable resource for professionals interested in related research or involved in the clinical care of affected patients, such as those suffering from AIDS, cancer, chronic heart failure, chronic lung disease, liver cirrhosis, chronic kidney failure, rheumatoid arthritis, or sepsis.