PneumoniaCheck, a novel aerosol collection device, permits capture of airborne Mycobacterium tuberculosis and characterisation of the cough aeromicrobiome in people with tuberculosis.

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI:10.1186/s12941-024-00735-x

Tinaye L Chiyaka, Georgina R Nyawo, Charissa C Naidoo, Suventha Moodley, Jose C Clemente, Stephanus T Malherbe, Robin M Warren, David N Ku, Leopoldo N Segal, Grant Theron

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Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis (TB), a major cause of disease and antimicrobial resistance, is spread via aerosols. Aerosols have diagnostic potential and airborne-microbes other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) may influence transmission. We evaluated whether PneumoniaCheck (PMC), a commercial aerosol collection device, captures MTBC and the aeromicrobiome of people with TB.

Methods: PMC was done in sputum culture-positive people (≥ 30 forced coughs each, n = 16) pre-treatment and PMC air reservoir (bag, corresponding to upper airways) and filter (lower airways) washes underwent Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Ultra) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing (sequencing also done on sputum). In a subset (n = 6), PMC microbiota (bag, filter) was compared to oral washes and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF).

Findings: 54% (7/13) bags and 46% (6/14) filters were Ultra-positive. Sequencing read counts and microbial diversity did not differ across bags, filters, and sputum. However, microbial composition in bags (Sphingobium-, Corynebacterium-, Novosphingobium-enriched) and filters (Mycobacterium-, Sphingobium-, Corynebacterium-enriched) each differed vs. sputum. Furthermore, sequencing only detected Mycobacterium in bags and filters but not sputum. In the subset, bag and filter microbial diversity did not differ vs. oral washes or BALF but microbial composition differed. Bags vs. BALF were Sphingobium-enriched and Mycobacterium-, Streptococcus-, and Anaerosinus-depleted (Anaerosinus also depleted in filters vs. BALF). Compared to BALF, none of the aerosol-enriched taxa were enriched in oral washes or sputum.

Interpretation: PMC captures aerosols with Ultra-detectable MTBC and MTBC is more detectable in aerosols than sputum by sequencing. The aeromicrobiome is distinct from sputum, oral washes and BALF and contains differentially-enriched lower respiratory tract microbes.

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PneumoniaCheck 是一种新型气溶胶收集装置，可捕获空气中的结核分枝杆菌，并确定结核病患者咳嗽气溶胶微生物群的特征。

背景：结核病（TB）是导致疾病和抗菌药耐药性的主要原因，它通过气溶胶传播。气溶胶具有诊断潜力，除复合结核分枝杆菌（MTBC）外，空气传播的微生物也可能影响传播。我们评估了商用气溶胶收集装置 PneumoniaCheck（PMC）是否能捕获 MTBC 和结核病患者的气溶胶微生物组：对痰培养阳性者（每次强迫咳嗽≥30次，n = 16）进行治疗前气溶胶收集，并对气溶胶收集装置的储气罐（袋，相当于上呼吸道）和过滤器（下呼吸道）进行Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra（Ultra）和16S rRNA基因测序（也对痰进行测序）。在一个子集（n = 6）中，PMC 微生物群（袋、过滤器）与口腔冲洗液和支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）进行了比较：54%（7/13）的菌袋和46%（6/14）的过滤器呈超阳性。测序读数计数和微生物多样性在菌袋、过滤器和痰液之间没有差异。但是，菌袋（富含分枝杆菌、棒状杆菌、新磷脂菌）和滤纸（富含分枝杆菌、分枝杆菌、棒状杆菌）中的微生物组成与痰中的微生物组成各有不同。此外，测序只能在菌袋中和滤纸中检测到分枝杆菌，而在痰液中却检测不到。在子集中，菌袋和过滤器的微生物多样性与口腔冲洗液或痰液没有差异，但微生物组成却有不同。痰袋与痰液相比富含鼻疽杆菌，而分枝杆菌、链球菌和厌氧菌则很少（过滤器与痰液相比厌氧菌也很少）。与 BALF 相比，气溶胶富集的分类群在口腔冲洗液或痰液中都没有富集：PMC捕获的气溶胶中含有超检测的MTBC，通过测序，气溶胶中MTBC的检测率高于痰液。气溶胶微生物组与痰液、口腔冲洗液和痰液不同，含有不同富集的下呼吸道微生物。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials MICROBIOLOGY-

CiteScore

8.60

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials considers good quality, novel and international research of more than regional relevance. Research must include epidemiological and/or clinical information about isolates, and the journal covers the clinical microbiology of bacteria, viruses and fungi, as well as antimicrobial treatment of infectious diseases. Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials is an open access, peer-reviewed journal focusing on information concerning clinical microbiology, infectious diseases and antimicrobials. The management of infectious disease is dependent on correct diagnosis and appropriate antimicrobial treatment, and with this in mind, the journal aims to improve the communication between laboratory and clinical science in the field of clinical microbiology and antimicrobial treatment. Furthermore, the journal has no restrictions on space or access; this ensures that the journal can reach the widest possible audience.