Approach for Identifying the Impact of Local Wind and Spatial Conditions on Wind Turbine Blade Geometry

Abstract

Efficient wind turbine blade design is crucial, yet current models often fail to fully account for variations in wind inflow due to terrain differences, particularly wind shear. This article aims to verify the theoretical method of designing the geometry of wind turbine blades. The proposed model, which combines the BEM method and the vortex method, was developed to consider the nonuniform inflow caused by wind shear. Model verification employed an explanatory sequential process focusing on two perspectives. First, it examines the correlation between the theoretical terrain roughness coefficient and the blade geometry. Second, it analyzes the relationship between the type of terrain (terrain roughness) and the design of wind turbine blades in two real locations in southeastern Poland. The results highlight the importance of accurate assessment of wind speed and spatial conditions to optimize the use of local wind resources in electricity production. It is suggested that adapting wind turbine blade geometry to the plant’s location will improve resource utilization, providing insight for energy decision-makers. The findings highlight the importance of considering wind shear when designing blades for varying terrain. The methodology is presented on the example of a wind power plant, and at the end of the article, potential directions of future research in this field are outlined.