Comparison of Optical Properties and Fracture Loads of Multilayer Monolithic Zirconia Crowns with Different Yttria Levels.

IF 5 3区 医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Journal of Functional Biomaterials Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI:10.3390/jfb15080228
Chien-Ming Kang, Tzu-Yu Peng, Yan-An Wu, Chi-Fei Hsieh, Miao-Ching Chi, Hsuan-Yu Wu, Zih-Chan Lin
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Abstract

Multilayer monolithic zirconia, which incorporates polychromatic layers that mimic natural tooth gradients, offers enhanced aesthetics and functionality while reducing debonding risks and improving fabrication efficiency. However, uncertainties remain regarding the fracture characteristics of multilayer monolithic zirconia crowns under occlusal loading, whether composed of uniform or combined yttria levels. The current study investigated how variations in yttria levels and thicknesses affected the optical properties and fracture loads of multilayer monolithic zirconia. Samples of multilayer monolithic zirconia in the Vita A1 shade were used, while employing 3Y (SZ) and 4Y + 5Y (AZ) yttria levels. The optical properties, including the color difference (ΔEWS) and translucency parameters (TP00), were measured using a digital colorimeter. The fracture loads were analyzed using a universal testing machine, and fractured surfaces were examined under a stereomicroscope. Statistical analyses assessed the impacts of the yttria levels and sample thicknesses on the optical properties. The ΔEWS values of SZ ranged 3.6 to 4.0, while for AZ, ΔEWS at 0.5 mm was 3.9 and <2.6 for other thicknesses. The TP00 values decreased with an increased thickness, with AZ generally exhibiting greater translucency than SZ. In the fracture load investigations, SZ (>1600 N) generally exceeded AZ (>1260 N), with fracture loads notably increasing with thickness, particularly for premolars (SZ > 3270 N, AZ > 2257 N). SZ predominantly exhibited partial and complete fractures, whereas AZ showed fewer non-fracture categorizations. Complete fractures began with dense, irregular cracks that extended outward to reveal smooth surfaces, while premolars subjected to higher loads exhibited concentric ripple-like structures. Partial fractures revealed radial textures indicative of areas of stress concentration. In summary, higher yttria levels were correlated with increased translucency, while variations in the fracture loads primarily stemmed from differences in the tooth position or thickness. Overall, multilayer monolithic zirconia incorporating combined yttria levels of 4Y + 5Y (AZ) offered high translucency, precise color matching, and substantial fracture resistance, rendering it highly suitable for aesthetic and functional dental applications.

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不同钇含量的多层整体氧化锆冠的光学特性和断裂载荷比较
多层整体氧化锆包含模仿天然牙齿梯度的多色层,可提高美观度和功能性,同时降低脱粘风险并提高制造效率。然而,多层整体氧化锆冠在咬合负荷下的断裂特性仍存在不确定性,不管是由均匀的钇层还是组合的钇层组成。本研究调查了钇含量和厚度的变化如何影响多层整体氧化锆的光学特性和断裂载荷。研究使用了 Vita A1 色调的多层整体氧化锆样品,同时采用了 3Y (SZ) 和 4Y + 5Y (AZ) 两种钇含量。光学特性,包括色差(ΔEWS)和半透明参数(TP00),是用数字色差计测量的。使用万能试验机分析了断裂载荷,并在体视显微镜下检查了断裂表面。统计分析评估了钇含量和样品厚度对光学特性的影响。SZ 的 ΔEWS 值介于 3.6 到 4.0 之间,而对于 AZ,0.5 毫米处的ΔEWS 值为 3.9,TP00 值随着厚度的增加而降低,AZ 通常比 SZ 表现出更高的半透明度。在断裂荷载调查中,SZ(>1600 N)通常超过 AZ(>1260 N),断裂荷载随着厚度的增加而显著增加,尤其是前磨牙(SZ > 3270 N,AZ > 2257 N)。SZ 主要表现为部分和完全断裂,而 AZ 则表现为较少的非断裂分类。完全断裂以密集的不规则裂纹开始,裂纹向外延伸,露出光滑的表面,而承受较高载荷的前臼齿则表现出同心波纹状结构。部分断裂显示出径向纹理,表明存在应力集中区域。总之,钇含量越高,半透明度越高,而断裂载荷的变化主要源于牙齿位置或厚度的不同。总之,钇含量为 4Y + 5Y(AZ)的多层整体氧化锆具有高透光性、精确的配色和强大的抗断裂性,因此非常适合美学和功能性牙科应用。
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来源期刊
Journal of Functional Biomaterials
Journal of Functional Biomaterials Engineering-Biomedical Engineering
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
4.20%
发文量
226
审稿时长
11 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Functional Biomaterials (JFB, ISSN 2079-4983) is an international and interdisciplinary scientific journal that publishes regular research papers (articles), reviews and short communications about applications of materials for biomedical use. JFB covers subjects from chemistry, pharmacy, biology, physics over to engineering. The journal focuses on the preparation, performance and use of functional biomaterials in biomedical devices and their behaviour in physiological environments. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their results in as much detail as possible. Therefore, there is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Several topical special issues will be published. Scope: adhesion, adsorption, biocompatibility, biohybrid materials, bio-inert materials, biomaterials, biomedical devices, biomimetic materials, bone repair, cardiovascular devices, ceramics, composite materials, dental implants, dental materials, drug delivery systems, functional biopolymers, glasses, hyper branched polymers, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), nanomedicine, nanoparticles, nanotechnology, natural materials, self-assembly smart materials, stimuli responsive materials, surface modification, tissue devices, tissue engineering, tissue-derived materials, urological devices.
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