Presence of Intestinal Parasites in Patients with Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases in Masaya (Nicaragua).

IF 2.8 4区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI:10.3390/tropicalmed9080171

Carla Muñoz-Antoli, Aleyda Pavón, Jacklyn Comas, Rafael Toledo, José Guillermo Esteban

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Abstract

Aims: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Masaya (Nicaragua) to estimate the prevalence of intestinal parasite (IP) infections in patients with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and to determine the associations between the types of NCDs and patients' epidemiological characteristics of infection.

Methods: A total of 157 preserved faecal samples were examined (direct wet mount, formalin/ethyl acetate concentration and modified Ziehl-Neelsen technique). Microscopically positive faecal sample identification was completed by conducting a molecular study.

Results: The total prevalence of IP was 52% in NCD patients. Diabetic patients presented an IP prevalence of 42%. Blastocystis presented the highest prevalence (42%). A molecular analysis of Giardia intestinalis (prevalence of 1.3%) revealed 100% of sub-assemblage BIII and the Entamoeba complex (5%) was identified as E. dispar. Blastocystis ST1 appeared in 44% of those suffering from diabetes and ST3 in 66% of those suffering from hypertension, while ST2 only appeared in those suffering with several NCDs simultaneously. In diabetic patients, the risk of infection is associated with having pets (p = 0.021) and land-floor houses. The risk of infection appears to be statistically related (p = 0.019) in those with several NCDs having received a previous helminthic deworming treatment.

Conclusions: Coordinated public health activities for IP and NCD screening and diagnosis are crucial to their successful control programmes.

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马萨亚（尼加拉瓜）慢性非传染性疾病患者体内的肠道寄生虫。

目的：在马萨亚（尼加拉瓜）开展了一项横断面研究，以估算非传染性疾病（NCD）患者的肠道寄生虫（IP）感染率，并确定非传染性疾病类型与患者感染流行病学特征之间的关联：共检测了 157 份保存的粪便样本（直接湿装载、福尔马林/醋酸乙酯浓缩和改良齐氏-奈尔森技术）。通过分子研究完成了显微镜下阳性粪便样本的鉴定：结果：非传染性疾病患者的 IP 感染率为 52%。糖尿病患者的 IP 感染率为 42%。布氏囊虫的感染率最高（42%）。对肠贾第鞭毛虫（感染率为 1.3%）的分子分析表明，其 100%属于 BIII 亚种，而恩塔米巴复合体（5%）被鉴定为悬钩子虫。44%的糖尿病患者和66%的高血压患者体内分别出现了ST1型和ST3型布氏杆菌，而ST2型布氏杆菌仅出现在同时患有多种非传染性疾病的患者体内。在糖尿病患者中，感染风险与饲养宠物（p = 0.021）和地面房屋有关。在患有多种非传染性疾病的患者中，感染风险似乎与之前接受过驱虫治疗有关（p = 0.019）：结论：针对 IP 和 NCD 筛查和诊断的协调公共卫生活动对其成功控制计划至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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