Experimental investigation of tunnel damage and spalling in brittle rock using a true-triaxial cell

IF 7 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI:10.1016/j.ijrmms.2024.105884
Doandy Yonathan Wibisono, Marte Gutierrez, Dipaloke Majumder
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Abstract

Deep underground excavations in brittle rocks are subject to several ground stability hazards such as spalling and rockburst. These hazards are typically associated with brittle failure mechanisms for hard and massive rock mass. In this study, an experimental investigation has been carried out to evaluate the mechanisms underlying these induced hazards in deep underground excavations. The main objective of this study is to investigate the behavior of a freshly excavated circular unsupported tunnel in a brittle synthetic rock with a focus on induced damage and spalling response. The experiment used a miniature tunnel boring machine (TBM) to excavate a tunnel in a cubical specimen placed in a true-triaxial cell. The material selected for this experiment was a reproducible synthetic rock analogous to sandstone with brittle characteristics. In the experiment, the specimen was loaded with increasing confining stress under incremental isotropic conditions in the true-triaxial cell until the tunnel failed. Macro-photography was utilized to verify the excavation damage zones and failure mechanisms around the tunnel boundary. The main observed failure mechanism of the model tunnel was spalling, which occurred due to brittle failure and a sudden stress release at the tunnel excavation boundary. In addition to spalling, three zones of damage were identified by macro-photography in the tunnel due to damage from construction, fracturing, and plastic rock deformation. The outcomes point to a unique and in-depth comprehension of how damage and spalling failure during underground excavation develop and its impact on tunnel stability.

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使用真实三轴单元对脆性岩石中的隧道损伤和剥落进行实验研究
在脆性岩石中进行深层地下挖掘,会面临多种地面稳定性危险,如剥落和岩爆。这些危害通常与坚硬和巨大岩体的脆性破坏机制有关。在这项研究中,我们进行了一项实验调查,以评估在地下深层挖掘中这些诱发危险的基本机制。这项研究的主要目的是调查在脆性合成岩中新开挖的圆形无支撑隧道的行为,重点是诱发损伤和剥落反应。实验使用微型隧道掘进机(TBM)在真三轴单元中放置的立方体试样中挖掘隧道。实验所选用的材料是一种可再现的合成岩石,类似于具有脆性特征的砂岩。在实验中,试样在各向同性的增量条件下,在真三轴槽中承受越来越大的约束应力,直到隧道失效。利用宏观摄影验证了隧道边界周围的开挖破坏区和破坏机制。观察到的模型隧道主要破坏机制是剥落,这是由于隧道开挖边界处的脆性破坏和应力突然释放造成的。除剥落外,通过宏观摄影还在隧道内发现了三个破坏区,分别是施工破坏、断裂破坏和岩石塑性变形破坏。研究结果对地下开挖过程中的破坏和剥落失效及其对隧道稳定性的影响有了独特而深入的了解。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
14.00
自引率
5.60%
发文量
196
审稿时长
18 weeks
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences focuses on original research, new developments, site measurements, and case studies within the fields of rock mechanics and rock engineering. Serving as an international platform, it showcases high-quality papers addressing rock mechanics and the application of its principles and techniques in mining and civil engineering projects situated on or within rock masses. These projects encompass a wide range, including slopes, open-pit mines, quarries, shafts, tunnels, caverns, underground mines, metro systems, dams, hydro-electric stations, geothermal energy, petroleum engineering, and radioactive waste disposal. The journal welcomes submissions on various topics, with particular interest in theoretical advancements, analytical and numerical methods, rock testing, site investigation, and case studies.
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