Lindane degradation potential of methanotrophs and soil microbial biomass from HCH contaminated sites

Q2 Environmental Science Environmental Advances Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI:10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100581

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Abstract

In the present study, soil physico-chemical properties, hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers, lindane degrading soil methanotrophs and soil microbial biomass-C, N and P were investigated by selecting 6 study sites in Lucknow and Renukoot region of Uttar Pradesh, Northern India. The ANOVA revealed significant variations soil physico-chemical properties (P<0.001), HCH residues concentrations (P<0.001) and lindane degradation by soil methanotrophs (P<0.001), across different study sites. The GC and GC-MS/MS analysis revealed soil contamination by α, β-, γ-, and δ-HCH, along with organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) including aldrin, β-endosulphan, and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT). The concentration of soil HCH isomers (0.43-310.97 μg g⁻¹) was higher in the soil samples of Lucknow region, compared to the Renukoot (0.12–194.44 μg g⁻¹) region. These results depict that methanotrophic isolates SBRJS01, SBIJS02 and SBJS03 compared to control, showed better growth at selected environmental parameters. During lindane degradation the maximum Cl⁻ release among the methanotrophic isolates showed the trend as SBJS03> SBRJS01> SBIJS02> ControlURRH3. A positive linear relationship (R²=0.7951) was noted between lindane degradation and Cl⁻ release during the methanotrophic isolates incubation period. A greater SMB–C, –N and –P values (365.2, 65.5, and 26.8 μg g⁻¹ soil, respectively), having higher HCH residues were, recorded in the soil samples of Renukoot region, compared to the soils of Lucknow region.The negative correlation between SMB–C, –N, and –P values and different soil HCH isomers suggests that higher concentrations of lethal HCH residues persisting in soils negatively impacts the quantity of soil microbial biomass. Therefore, on-site monitoring and methanotrophic mediated bioremediation of HCH soil residues might be a viable and eco-friendly option in removal of this particular persistent soil pesticide from the contaminated area.

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六氯环己烷污染场地甲烷营养体和土壤微生物生物量的林丹降解潜力

本研究在印度北部北方邦勒克瑙和雷努库特地区选择了 6 个研究地点，调查了土壤理化性质、六氯环己烷（HCH）异构体、林丹降解土壤甲烷营养体以及土壤微生物生物量-C、N 和 P。方差分析显示，不同研究地点的土壤理化性质（P<0.001）、六氯环己烷残留物浓度（P<0.001）和土壤甲烷嗜养菌对林丹的降解（P<0.001）均存在显著差异。气相色谱-质谱（GC）和气相色谱-质谱/质谱（GC-MS/MS）分析表明，土壤受到α、β、γ和δ-六氯环己烷（HCH）以及艾氏剂、β-内吸磷和二氯二苯基三氯乙烷（DDT）等有机氯农药（OCPs）的污染。与雷努库特地区（0.12-194.44 μg g-1）相比，勒克瑙地区土壤样本中六氯环己烷异构体的浓度（0.43-310.97 μg g-1）更高。这些结果表明，与对照组相比，甲烷营养体分离物 SBRJS01、SBIJS02 和 SBJS03 在特定环境参数下的生长情况更好。在林丹降解过程中，甲烷营养体分离物的最大 Cl- 释放量呈以下趋势：SBJS03> SBRJS01> SBIJS02> ControlURRH3。在培养期间，林丹降解与 Cl- 释放之间呈正线性关系（R2=0.7951）。与勒克瑙地区的土壤相比，雷努库特地区土壤样本中的 SMB-C、-N 和 -P 值（分别为 365.2、65.5 和 26.8 μg g-1 土壤）更高，HCH 残留量也更高。SMB-C、-N 和 -P 值与不同土壤 HCH 异构体之间的负相关关系表明，土壤中较高浓度的致命 HCH 残留物会对土壤微生物生物量产生负面影响。因此，对六氯环己烷土壤残留物进行现场监测和甲烷营养介导的生物修复可能是一种可行的生态友好型选择，可以从受污染地区清除这种特殊的持久性土壤杀虫剂。

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