Reconstruction of denuded stratigraphic paleosurfaces of diverse folds based on structural element feature constraints

IF 2.6 2区 地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Journal of Structural Geology Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI:10.1016/j.jsg.2024.105241
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Abstract

Reconstructing the stratigraphic paleosurfaces of a fold is essential for deciphering the folding mechanism, simulating landscape evolution processes, and investigating mineral resource distribution. However, standard methods for reconstructing paleosurfaces in tectonic landforms, primarily applied on large-scale sedimentary basins and orogenic belts, heavily rely on extensive geological data and generally yield low-accuracy results. This limits their applicability to small to intermediate-scale geological structural areas. Therefore, this paper introduces a stratigraphic paleosurface reconstruction method tailored for small and intermediate-scale folds, leveraging structural element features to constrain this reconstruction, which is notably helpful when dealing with sparse geological and topographic data. This method involves several steps. Firstly, define the fold units for diverse landforms. Secondly, extract fold structural elements (FSEs) with diverse geological data. Next, fit the paleo-boundary of each stratum within the two-dimensional (2D) cross-section using elemental feature constraints. Finally, the Morphing technique is applied to interpolate multiple paleo-boundaries, which are then utilized in reconstructing the stratigraphic paleosurfaces through the Contour Reconstruction Algorithm (CRA). To validate the method, tests were conducted on three representative folds in China: the eastern Sichuan comb-like fold belt, the Dayueshan Anticline on Mount Lu, and the Wulongshan Dome near the Huangling Dome. Experimental results demonstrate that utilizing structural features as constraints enables automatic, accurate, and reliable stratigraphic paleosurface reconstruction. The reconstructed paleosurfaces facilitate the analysis of geometric characteristics and structural development mechanisms of folds within the study area. Furthermore, they can be readily incorporated into landscape evolution models (i.e., TTLEM) to simulate realistic topographic evolution and tectonic paleogeographic mapping or construct three-dimensional (3D) solid models.

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基于结构要素特征约束重建不同褶皱的剥蚀地层古地表
重建褶皱的地层古地表对于破译褶皱机制、模拟地貌演化过程和研究矿产资源分布至关重要。然而,重建构造地貌古地表的标准方法主要应用于大型沉积盆地和造山带,严重依赖大量地质数据,通常得出的结果精度较低。这就限制了它们对中小规模地质构造区域的适用性。因此,本文介绍了一种为中小尺度褶皱量身定制的地层古地表重建方法,利用结构要素特征来约束这种重建,这在处理稀少的地质和地形数据时大有裨益。该方法包括几个步骤。首先,定义不同地貌的褶皱单元。其次,利用不同的地质数据提取褶皱结构元素(FSE)。其次,利用元素特征约束在二维(2D)横截面内拟合每个地层的古边界。最后,应用变形技术插值多个古边界,然后通过等高线重建算法(CRA)重建地层古表面。为了验证该方法的有效性,在中国三个具有代表性的褶皱带进行了测试:四川东部梳状褶皱带、庐山大岳山地脊和黄陵穹窿附近的五龙山穹窿。实验结果表明,利用构造特征作为约束条件,可以自动、准确、可靠地重建地层古地表。重建的古地表有助于分析研究区域内褶皱的几何特征和构造发展机制。此外,它们还可随时纳入地貌演化模型(即 TTLEM),以模拟逼真的地形演化和构造古地理绘图,或构建三维实体模型。
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来源期刊
Journal of Structural Geology
Journal of Structural Geology 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
6.00
自引率
19.40%
发文量
192
审稿时长
15.7 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Structural Geology publishes process-oriented investigations about structural geology using appropriate combinations of analog and digital field data, seismic reflection data, satellite-derived data, geometric analysis, kinematic analysis, laboratory experiments, computer visualizations, and analogue or numerical modelling on all scales. Contributions are encouraged to draw perspectives from rheology, rock mechanics, geophysics,metamorphism, sedimentology, petroleum geology, economic geology, geodynamics, planetary geology, tectonics and neotectonics to provide a more powerful understanding of deformation processes and systems. Given the visual nature of the discipline, supplementary materials that portray the data and analysis in 3-D or quasi 3-D manners, including the use of videos, and/or graphical abstracts can significantly strengthen the impact of contributions.
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