Novel equations for estimating gross energy in feed ingredients for non-ruminants.

IF 2.4 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Animal Bioscience Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-26 DOI:10.5713/ab.24.0312
Yoon Soo Song, Ah Reum Son, Beob Gyun Kim
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Abstract

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of previous equations for estimating gross energy (GE) in feed ingredients and to develop the novel equations.

Methods: A total of 2,279 ingredient samples consisted of barley (n = 58), corn (n = 319), corn distillers dried grains with solubles (n = 13), corn gluten feed (n = 583), copra expellers (n = 156), copra meal (n = 234), cottonseed meal (n = 12), palm kernel expellers (n = 504), rapeseed meal (n = 114), soybean meal (n = 138), wheat (n = 70), and wheat bran (n = 78) were analyzed for dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), crude fiber, ash, and GE. The 2,279 ingredient samples were used for evaluating the previous equations and developing novel equations. Using data from 62 ingredients in the swine NRC publication in 2012, the old equations and the novel equations were evaluated.

Results: Based on the evaluation using 2,279 samples, the equation developed by Ewan in 1989 underestimates GE by 218 kcal/kg DM (standard error = 4 and p<0.001) on average and underestimates more for low-GE ingredients (linear bias = -0.121; standard error = 0.025 and p<0.001). The equation reported by Sauvant, Perez, and Tran in 2004 also underestimates GE by 135 kcal/kg DM (standard error = 4 and p<0.001) on average. Novel equations for estimating GE concentration (kcal/kg DM) in feeds were developed: GE = 4,299+7×CP +53×EE, with R2 = 0.342 and p<0.001; GE = 4,341+11×CP+54×EE-24×ash, with R2 = 0.372 and p<0.001, where all independent variables are in % DM. In the validation using 62 feed ingredients in the NRC publication, the equations developed in the present study were accurate whereas the previous equations were not.

Conclusion: The novel equations developed in the present study fairly accurately estimate gross energy concentrations in concentrate feeds.

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估算非反刍动物饲料原料总能量的新公式。
目的:本研究旨在评估以往估算饲料原料总能量(GE)的公式的准确性,并开发新型公式:本研究旨在评估之前用于估算饲料原料总能(GE)的方程的准确性,并开发新的方程:共有 2,279 份原料样品,包括大麦(n = 58)、玉米(n = 319)、玉米蒸馏干粒加溶质(n = 13)、玉米麸质饲料(n = 583)、椰子仁榨汁(n = 156)、椰子仁粕(n = 234)、棉籽粕(n = 12)、对干物质(DM)、粗蛋白(CP)、醚提取物(EE)、粗纤维、灰分和 GE 进行了分析。这 2,279 份配料样本用于评估以前的方程和开发新的方程。利用猪国家研究理事会(2012 年)中 62 种配料的数据,对旧方程和新方程进行了评估:结果:根据对 2,279 个样本的评估,Ewan(1989 年)开发的方程低估了 218 千卡/千克 DM 的 GE(标准误差 = 4,p=0):本研究中开发的新方程相当准确地估算了精饲料中的毛能量浓度。
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来源期刊
Animal Bioscience
Animal Bioscience AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE-
CiteScore
5.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
223
审稿时长
3 months
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