Oral Health in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease, Hemodialysis, and Renal Transplantation: A Comprehensive Narrative Review of the Oral Manifestations and Dental Implications.

IF 1.7 Q2 PEDIATRICS Clinical Medicine Insights-Pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-08-27 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1177/11795565241271689
Ghada A Elhusseiny, Wafaa Saleh
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Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children presents multifaceted challenges, impacting various aspects of health, including oral health. This narrative review provides a comprehensive synthesis of literature focusing on the oral health status of pediatric CKD patients, encompassing oral manifestations, dental considerations, and management challenges associated with hemodialysis and kidney transplantation. A comprehensive search strategy was employed, utilizing databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, to identify relevant literature on oral manifestations in children with CKD, including those undergoing hemodialysis or renal transplantation. Search terms were carefully selected to capture studies examining enamel hypoplasia, dental caries, delayed tooth eruption, gingival diseases, periodontal diseases, radiographic alterations, craniofacial development, dry mouth, and changes in the oral mucosa. Our narrative review meticulously selected articles through a systematic process. Ultimately, 12 studies meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the review. Relevant data from each included study were independently extracted and synthesized, focusing on oral manifestations and their implications in pediatric CKD patients. The synthesized findings were organized and presented in a structured manner within the review article, considering their clinical implications and informing recommendations for dental management of children with CKD. This article highlights the importance of a coordinated effort between nephrologists, dentists, and other healthcare professionals in providing holistic care for pediatric CKD patients. A comprehensive understanding of the oral health status of these children, along with proactive dental management strategies, contributes to improved overall health outcomes and a better quality of life. This review aims to serve as a valuable resource for the oral healthcare providers involved in the care of pediatric CKD patients.

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慢性肾病、血液透析和肾移植患儿的口腔健康:口腔表现和牙科影响的综合叙述性回顾。
儿童慢性肾脏病(CKD)带来了多方面的挑战,影响着健康的各个方面,包括口腔健康。这篇叙述性综述全面综合了有关儿童慢性肾脏病患者口腔健康状况的文献,包括与血液透析和肾移植相关的口腔表现、牙科注意事项和管理挑战。我们采用了一种全面的检索策略,利用 PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science 和 Google Scholar 等数据库来确定有关 CKD 儿童(包括接受血液透析或肾移植的儿童)口腔表现的相关文献。我们仔细选择了检索词,以获取有关釉质发育不全、龋齿、牙齿萌出延迟、牙龈疾病、牙周疾病、放射学改变、颅面部发育、口干以及口腔粘膜变化的研究。我们的叙事性综述通过系统的程序对文章进行了细致的筛选。最终,12 项符合纳入标准的研究被纳入综述。我们对每项纳入研究的相关数据进行了独立提取和综合,重点关注儿童慢性肾脏病患者的口腔表现及其影响。综述文章以结构化的方式组织和呈现了这些综合结果,考虑了其临床意义,并为 CKD 儿童的牙科管理提供了参考建议。这篇文章强调了肾脏科医生、牙科医生和其他医疗保健专业人员在为儿童慢性肾脏病患者提供整体护理时协调努力的重要性。全面了解这些儿童的口腔健康状况,并采取积极的牙科管理策略,有助于改善总体健康状况和提高生活质量。本综述旨在为参与护理儿科慢性肾脏病患者的口腔医疗服务提供者提供宝贵的资源。
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