The "what" and "when" of language input to children: Linguistic and temporal predictors of vocabulary in 3-year-olds.

IF 3.1 2区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Developmental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-29 DOI:10.1037/dev0001819

Nicholas A Smith, Elizabeth S Kelley, HeeEun Jeon, Jean M Ispa, Bob McMurray

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Abstract

The quantity, quality, and complexity of language input are important for children's language development. This study examined how the detailed timing of this input relates to children's vocabulary at 3 years of age in 64 mother-child dyads (male = 28; female = 36; White = 69%, Black = 31%). Acoustical analysis of turn taking in mother-child dialogue found that more consistently timed maternal responses (lower response latency variability) were associated (r = .42, p < .001) with higher vocabulary (Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, third edition) scores. In mothers with consistently timed responses, the complexity (mean length of utterance) of their child-directed speech significantly predicted (r = .53, p = .002) their children's vocabulary. This suggests that predictably timed contingent maternal responses provide an important learning cue that supports language development beyond the content of language input itself. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

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儿童语言输入的 "内容 "和 "时间"：3 岁儿童词汇量的语言和时间预测因素。

语言输入的数量、质量和复杂性对儿童的语言发展非常重要。本研究以 64 对母子（男=28；女=36；白人=69%；黑人=31%）为研究对象，考察了语言输入的详细时间安排与 3 岁儿童词汇量的关系。对母子对话中的轮流发言进行声学分析后发现，时间更一致的母亲反应（较低的反应延迟变异性）与较高的词汇量（皮博迪图画词汇测试第三版）得分相关（r = .42，p < .001）。在有持续定时反应的母亲中，其引导孩子说话的复杂性（平均语篇长度）可显著预测孩子的词汇量（r = .53，p = .002）。这表明，可预测的定时或然母性反应提供了一个重要的学习线索，在语言输入内容本身之外支持语言发展。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, 版权所有）。

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来源期刊

Developmental Psychology PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL-

CiteScore

5.80

自引率

2.50%

发文量

329

期刊介绍： Developmental Psychology ® publishes articles that significantly advance knowledge and theory about development across the life span. The journal focuses on seminal empirical contributions. The journal occasionally publishes exceptionally strong scholarly reviews and theoretical or methodological articles. Studies of any aspect of psychological development are appropriate, as are studies of the biological, social, and cultural factors that affect development. The journal welcomes not only laboratory-based experimental studies but studies employing other rigorous methodologies, such as ethnographies, field research, and secondary analyses of large data sets. We especially seek submissions in new areas of inquiry and submissions that will address contradictory findings or controversies in the field as well as the generalizability of extant findings in new populations. Although most articles in this journal address human development, studies of other species are appropriate if they have important implications for human development. Submissions can consist of single manuscripts, proposed sections, or short reports.