Comparison of Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Acute Lower Limb Ischaemia Undergoing Endovascular Therapy and Open Surgical Revascularisation: A Large Scale Analysis in Japan.

IF 5.7 1区医学 Q1 PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI:10.1016/j.ejvs.2024.08.039

Takaaki Ozawa, Kenji Yanishi, Ayumu Fujioka, Tomotsugu Seki, Kan Zen, Satoaki Matoba

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Abstract

Objective: The recommended revascularisation methods for acute limb ischaemia (ALI), which is caused by embolism and atherosclerotic thrombosis, include endovascular therapy (EVT) and open surgical revascularisation (OSR); however, treatment choices based on patient characteristics remain controversial. This retrospective analysis from the Japanese Registry of All Cardiac and Vascular Diseases - Diagnosis Procedure Combination database (April 2012 to March 2020) evaluated differences in clinical outcomes and identified prognostic predictors in patients with ALI.

Methods: This study analysed 10 977 patients with lower limb ALI. EVT was defined as catheter directed thrombolysis, percutaneous thrombectomy, or percutaneous angioplasty with balloon dilatation and or stenting. OSR was defined as Fogarty thrombectomy, bypass surgery, or thromboendarterectomy. The EVT and OSR groups were compared after propensity score matching (PSM) considering ten clinical covariates.

Results: The EVT group had more patients at higher risk of atherosclerotic disease than the OSR group. The OSR group had more patients at a higher risk of embolism, including atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter, than the EVT group. In the EVT group, 20.4% of patients underwent catheter directed thrombolysis using urokinase, the only thrombolytic agent available in Japan that is covered under insurance. After PSM, in hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR] 1.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11 - 1.59; p = .002), major amputation rate (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.19 - 1.72; p < .001), major amputation and or death rate (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.24 - 1.62; p < .001), and total hospitalisation cost (1.16 vs. 0.97 million yen; p < .001) were statistically significantly higher in the EVT group than in the OSR group. In interaction analyses, peripheral artery disease (PAD) was a factor responsible for reducing OSR efficacy in terms of major amputation and or death rate (with PAD, OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.68 - 1.29; without PAD, OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.34 - 1.82; p = .004).

Conclusions: In Japan, EVT was a less effective primary treatment for patients with ALI than OSR, except for those with PAD.

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急性下肢缺血患者接受血管内治疗和开放手术血管重建的临床疗效比较：日本大规模分析

目的：由栓塞和动脉粥样硬化血栓形成引起的急性肢体缺血（ALI）的推荐血管再通方法包括血管内治疗（EVT）和开放手术血管再通（OSR）；然而，基于患者特征的治疗选择仍存在争议。这项回顾性分析来自日本所有心脏和血管疾病登记--诊断程序组合数据库（2012年4月至2020年3月），评估了ALI患者临床结果的差异，并确定了预后预测因素：本研究分析了 10 977 名下肢 ALI 患者。EVT定义为导管引导溶栓、经皮血栓切除术或经皮腔内血管成形术加球囊扩张或支架植入术。OSR 的定义是 Fogarty 血栓切除术、搭桥手术或血栓内膜切除术。在考虑了10个临床协变量后，对EVT组和OSR组进行了倾向评分匹配（PSM）比较：EVT组中动脉粥样硬化疾病风险较高的患者多于OSR组。与 EVT 组相比，OSR 组有更多栓塞风险较高的患者，包括心房颤动和心房扑动。在EVT组中，20.4%的患者接受了使用尿激酶的导管定向溶栓治疗，尿激酶是日本唯一可在保险范围内使用的溶栓药物。PSM 后，住院死亡率（几率比 [OR] 1.33，95% 置信区间 [CI] 1.11 - 1.59；P = .002）、主要截肢率（OR 1.43，95% CI 1.19 - 1.72；P < .001）、主要截肢和或死亡率（OR 1.42，95% CI 1.24 - 1.62；P < .001）和住院总费用（116 vs. 97 万日元；P < .001）在统计学上EVT 组明显高于OSR 组。在交互作用分析中，外周动脉疾病（PAD）是降低OSR疗效的一个因素，主要影响截肢率和死亡率（有PAD，OR 0.94，95% CI 0.68 - 1.29；无PAD，OR 1.56，95% CI 1.34 - 1.82；P = .004）：在日本，EVT对ALI患者的主要治疗效果不如OSR，有PAD的患者除外。

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来源期刊

European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery 医学-外科

CiteScore

6.80

自引率

15.80%

发文量

471

审稿时长

66 days

期刊介绍： The European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery is aimed primarily at vascular surgeons dealing with patients with arterial, venous and lymphatic diseases. Contributions are included on the diagnosis, investigation and management of these vascular disorders. Papers that consider the technical aspects of vascular surgery are encouraged, and the journal includes invited state-of-the-art articles. Reflecting the increasing importance of endovascular techniques in the management of vascular diseases and the value of closer collaboration between the vascular surgeon and the vascular radiologist, the journal has now extended its scope to encompass the growing number of contributions from this exciting field. Articles describing endovascular method and their critical evaluation are included, as well as reports on the emerging technology associated with this field.