The effect of three different preservatives on the numbers and types of bacteria, Brix percentage, pH and nutritional composition of bovine colostrum sourced from New Zealand dairy farms.

IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES New Zealand veterinary journal Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI:10.1080/00480169.2024.2392686
E L Cuttance, W A Mason, S Cranefield, R A Laven
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Abstract

Aims: To investigate the effect of preservation by addition of yoghurt starter, potassium sorbate and citric acid on counts of aerobic bacteria, Lactobacillus spp., Streptococcus thermophilus and coliforms, Brix percentage, pH, protein, fat and anhydrous lactose concentrations at 0, 7 and 14 days after collection for colostrum stored at ambient temperature.

Method: Approximately 2 L of first milking colostrum was collected from 10 farms in the Waikato region. Following mixing, it was split into five 400-mL sub-samples and allocated randomly to a control (two sub-samples), or treatment with yoghurt, potassium sorbate, or citric acid preservative. Throughout the trial samples remained in the laboratory at ambient temperature with the lids slightly ajar, and were stirred daily for 15-30 seconds using a sterile spatula. Sub-samples were tested on Days 0, 7 and 14. On Days 0 and 14 aerobic bacteria (by aerobic plate count (APC)), Lactobacillus spp., coliforms and Streptococcus thermophilus counts, pH, Brix percentage, protein, fat and anhydrous lactose were measured. On Day 7 only bacterial counts were completed.The data were analysed using non-parametric clustered bootstrap sampling to estimate the effect of treatment, time, and their interaction on the outcome variables.

Results: Compared to control samples, on Day 7 the APC for potassium sorbate (1.0 (90% CI = 0.6-1.6) × 108 cfu/mL) was approximately seven-fold lower than for yoghurt (7.3 (90% CI = 4.1-11) × 108 cfu/mL), and approximately three-fold lower than citric acid (3.2 (90% CI = 0.2-4.3) × 108 cfu/mL) remaining low to Day 14. All preservatives reduced coliform growth compared to control samples at Day 7 but growth was lower for potassium sorbate than the other preservatives. For Lactobacillus spp., at Day 7, samples with yoghurt preservative had greater counts than the other two preservatives. Potassium sorbate reduced growth of S. thermophilus compared to the other treatments, especially at Day 7, with 7-10 times fewer S. thermophilus per mL compared to the other three groups. All groups showed an obvious acidification over time, with very little variation within days and treatment groups. There was no evidence for change in fat or protein percentage over time regardless of treatment.

Conclusion and clinical relevance: Aerobic and coliform bacteria proliferate extensively in unpreserved colostrum. All preservatives decreased coliform counts compared to un-preserved colostrum, but potassium sorbate was more effective at decreasing both coliforms and aerobic bacteria than either yoghurt or citric acid.

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三种不同防腐剂对新西兰奶牛场牛初乳中细菌数量和种类、Brix 百分比、pH 值和营养成分的影响。
目的:研究通过添加酸奶起始剂、山梨酸钾和柠檬酸进行保存,对采集后 0、7 和 14 天在环境温度下储存的初乳的需氧菌、乳酸杆菌属、嗜热链球菌和大肠菌群计数、Brix 百分比、pH 值、蛋白质、脂肪和无水乳糖浓度的影响:方法:从怀卡托地区的 10 个牧场收集约 2 升初乳。混合后,分成五个 400 毫升的子样本,随机分配到对照组(两个子样本)或酸奶、山梨酸钾或柠檬酸防腐剂处理组。在整个试验过程中,样品一直放在实验室的环境温度下,盖子稍微打开,每天用无菌刮刀搅拌 15-30 秒。第 0 天、第 7 天和第 14 天对子样品进行检测。第 0 天和第 14 天测量需氧细菌(通过需氧平板计数 (APC))、乳酸杆菌属、大肠菌群和嗜热链球菌计数、pH 值、Brix 百分比、蛋白质、脂肪和无水乳糖。使用非参数聚类自引导取样法对数据进行分析,以估计处理、时间及其交互作用对结果变量的影响:与对照样本相比,第 7 天山梨酸钾的 APC(1.0(90% CI = 0.6-1.6)×108 cfu/mL)比酸奶的 APC(7.3(90% CI = 4.1-11)×108 cfu/mL)低约 7 倍,比柠檬酸的 APC(3.2(90% CI = 0.2-4.3)×108 cfu/mL)低约 3 倍,一直低至第 14 天。与第 7 天的对照样本相比,所有防腐剂都能减少大肠菌群的生长,但山梨酸钾的生长量低于其他防腐剂。就乳酸杆菌而言,在第 7 天,使用酸奶防腐剂的样本比其他两种防腐剂的样本具有更高的计数。与其他处理相比,山梨酸钾可减少嗜热菌的生长,尤其是在第 7 天,每毫升样品中的嗜热菌数量是其他三组的 7-10 倍。随着时间的推移,所有组别都出现了明显的酸化现象,不同天数和处理组别之间的差异很小。结论和临床意义:结论和临床意义:需氧菌和大肠菌群在未经防腐处理的初乳中大量繁殖。与未保存的牛初乳相比,所有防腐剂都能减少大肠菌群数量,但山梨酸钾比酸奶或柠檬酸更能有效减少大肠菌群和需氧菌。
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来源期刊
New Zealand veterinary journal
New Zealand veterinary journal 农林科学-兽医学
CiteScore
3.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
37
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: The New Zealand Veterinary Journal (NZVJ) is an international journal publishing high quality peer-reviewed articles covering all aspects of veterinary science, including clinical practice, animal welfare and animal health. The NZVJ publishes original research findings, clinical communications (including novel case reports and case series), rapid communications, correspondence and review articles, originating from New Zealand and internationally. Topics should be relevant to, but not limited to, New Zealand veterinary and animal science communities, and include the disciplines of infectious disease, medicine, surgery and the health, management and welfare of production and companion animals, horses and New Zealand wildlife. All submissions are expected to meet the highest ethical and welfare standards, as detailed in the Journal’s instructions for authors.
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