Possible determinants of physical fitness in Japanese school children: A cross-sectional study.

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI:10.1111/ppe.13121

Aya Yoshikawa, Keiko Asakura, Sachie Mori, Aya Fujiwara, Satoshi Sasaki, Yuji Nishiwaki

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Abstract

Background: Physical fitness is one of the most important health indicators in children. Although appropriate body composition or certain lifestyle factors such as frequent physical activity are thought to improve physical fitness, results of previous studies are inconsistent, and most studies were from Western countries.

Objectives: We investigated associations of body composition and modifiable lifestyle factors such as physical activity, screen time, diet and sleep duration with physical fitness in Japanese primary school children.

Methods: 2308 children (age 10-12 years old) in 12 primary schools were analysed in this cross-sectional study. Physical fitness was evaluated by sports battery tests conducted routinely and annually at schools. The total score of sports battery tests, 20-m shuttle run (laps) and grip strength (kg) were selected as outcomes. Information about lifestyle factors was collected by two questionnaires. Associations between lifestyle factors and physical fitness were assessed by multivariable linear mixed models by sex.

Results: Frequent exercise was related to better overall physical fitness. Regarding the 20-m shuttle run, many unfavourable lifestyle factors such as higher BMI in boys (β -7.37, 95% confidence interval [CI] -8.39, -6.35) and girls (β -3.54, 95% CI -4.50, -2.58), longer screen time (β -4.31, 95% CI -7.29, -1.34) in boys and girls (β -5.65, 95% CI -9.01, -2.30); shortest (reference) versus longest, breakfast skipping in boys (β -5.24, 95% CI -8.71, -1.77) and girls (β -3.57, 95% CI -6.84, -0.30); consumers (reference) versus skippers were associated with worse performance. Better quality of diet was associated with better results in the 20-m shuttle run only in girls (β 2.58, 95% CI 0.24, 4.93); lowest (reference) versus highest.

Conclusions: Frequent exercise was related to better physical fitness. Higher BMI and unfavourable lifestyle factors such as longer screen time and breakfast skipping were associated with worse results of the 20-m shuttle run.

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日本学龄儿童体能的可能决定因素：横断面研究

背景：体能是儿童最重要的健康指标之一。虽然适当的身体成分或某些生活方式因素（如经常参加体育锻炼）被认为可以提高体能，但以往的研究结果并不一致，而且大多数研究都来自西方国家：方法：这项横断面研究分析了 12 所小学的 2308 名儿童（10-12 岁）。体能通过学校每年例行进行的体育电池测试进行评估。测试结果包括运动能力测试总分、20 米往返跑（圈）和握力（公斤）。有关生活方式因素的信息通过两份调查问卷收集。通过按性别划分的多变量线性混合模型评估了生活方式因素与体能之间的关系：结果：经常锻炼与总体体能较好有关。关于 20 米往返跑，许多不利的生活方式因素，如男孩和女孩较高的体重指数（β -7.37，95% 置信区间 [CI]-8.39，-6.35）（β -3.54，95% CI -4.50，-2.58），较长的屏幕时间（β -4.31，95% CI -7.29，-1.34）（β -5.65，95% CI -9.01，-2.30）；男生（β -5.24，95% CI -8.71，-1.77）和女生（β -3.57，95% CI -6.84，-0.30）吃早餐时间最短（参考）与最长、不吃早餐与成绩较差有关。饮食质量越好，女孩在 20 米往返跑中的成绩越好（β 2.58，95% CI 0.24，4.93）；最低（参考值）与最高有关：结论：经常锻炼与更好的体能有关。较高的体重指数和不利的生活方式因素（如较长的屏幕时间和不吃早餐）与较差的 20 米往返跑结果有关。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology 医学-妇产科学

CiteScore

5.40

自引率

7.10%

发文量

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology crosses the boundaries between the epidemiologist and the paediatrician, obstetrician or specialist in child health, ensuring that important paediatric and perinatal studies reach those clinicians for whom the results are especially relevant. In addition to original research articles, the Journal also includes commentaries, book reviews and annotations.