Association Between SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load and COVID-19 Vaccination in 4 Phase 3 Trials.

IF 5 2区医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY Journal of Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI:10.1093/infdis/jiae400

Holly Janes, Leigh H Fisher, Jia Jin Kee, Lalitha Parameswaran, Paul A Goepfert, Ann R Falsey, James Ludwig, Craig A Magaret, Peter B Gilbert, James G Kublin, Nadine Rouphael, Magdalena E Sobieszczyk, Hana M El Sahly, Lindsey R Baden, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Stephen R Walsh, Glenda E Gray, Karen L Kotloff, Cynthia L Gay, Alexander L Greninger, Milagritos D Tapia, E Adrianne Hammershaimb, Frances H Priddy, Justin A Green, Frank Struyf, Lisa Dunkle, Kathleen M Neuzil, Lawrence Corey, Yunda Huang

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Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines reduce severe disease and mortality and may lessen transmission, measured by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral load (VL). Evaluating vaccine associations in VL at COVID-19 diagnosis in 4 phase 3 randomized, placebo-controlled vaccine trials, July 2020 to July 2021, VL reductions were 2.78 log10 copies/mL (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.38-4.18; n = 60 placebo, 11 vaccine) and 2.12 log10 copies/mL (95% CI, 1.44-2.80; n = 594 placebo, 36 vaccine) for NVX-CoV2373 and mRNA-1273, respectively. Associations were not significant for AZD1222 (0.59 log10 copies/mL; 95% CI, -.19 to 1.36; n = 90 placebo, 78 vaccine) or Ad26.COV2.S (0.23 log10 copies/mL; 95% CI, -.01 to .47; n = 916 placebo, 424 vaccine). Thus, vaccines potentially decreased transmission when ancestral SARS-CoV-2 predominated. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT04470427, NCT04505722, NCT04516746, NCT04611802.

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4 项 3 期试验中 SARS-CoV-2 病毒载量与 COVID-19 疫苗接种之间的关系。

根据严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 病毒载量 (VL) 的测量，冠状病毒病 2019 (COVID-19) 疫苗可降低严重疾病和死亡率，并可减少传播。在 2020 年 7 月至 2021 年 7 月进行的 4 项 3 期随机、安慰剂对照疫苗试验中，评估了 COVID-19 诊断时 VL 与疫苗的相关性，NVX-CoV2373 和 mRNA-1273 的 VL 降低率分别为 2.78 log10 copies/mL（95% 置信区间 [CI]，1.38-4.18；n = 60 个安慰剂，11 个疫苗）和 2.12 log10 copies/mL（95% CI，1.44-2.80；n = 594 个安慰剂，36 个疫苗）。AZD1222（0.59 log10 copies/mL；95% CI，-.19 至 1.36；n = 90 个安慰剂，78 个疫苗）或 Ad26.COV2.S（0.23 log10 copies/mL；95% CI，-.01 至 .47；n = 916 个安慰剂，424 个疫苗）的相关性不显著。因此，当祖先 SARS-CoV-2 占主导地位时，疫苗可能会减少传播。临床试验注册。NCT04470427、NCT04505722、NCT04516746、NCT04611802。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Infectious Diseases 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

13.50

自引率

3.10%

发文量

449

审稿时长

2-4 weeks

期刊介绍： Published continuously since 1904, The Journal of Infectious Diseases (JID) is the premier global journal for original research on infectious diseases. The editors welcome Major Articles and Brief Reports describing research results on microbiology, immunology, epidemiology, and related disciplines, on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of infectious diseases; on the microbes that cause them; and on disorders of host immune responses. JID is an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.