{"title":"Environmental Effect of High-voltage Towers on the Cerebellum and Cognitive Impairments in the Monkey.","authors":"Hamed Aliyari, Hedayat Sahraei, Mohammad Bagher Menhaj, Masoomeh Kazemi, Behrooz Vahidi, Seyed Hossein Hosseinian","doi":"10.32598/bcn.2021.1340.5","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Today, high-voltage (HV) lines create a pernicious environment for humans living or working in the vicinity and even under these lines. The male rhesus monkey is used to investigate the effects of fields produced by HV towers. This study examines the function and level of impact in rhesus monkeys' brains from the cerebellum's cognitive, biological, and structural perspective.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two monkeys have been used, one as a control and the second as a test. The monkey under test was subjected to a simulated HV electrical field of 3 kV/m, 4 hours a day, for 1 month. Behavioral tests were performed using a device designed and built for this purpose. Concentration analysis of adrenocorticotropic hormones (ACTH) and inspection of glucocorticoid receptor gene's (GR) expression were performed by the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction method. Changes in cerebellar anatomy were examined with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). All tests were performed before and after the study period and compared with the control monkey.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cognitive tests showed a significant reduction for the monkey exposed to the HV electrical field in the first week after imposition compared with the same time before. Also, the expression of the <i>GR</i> gene decreased, and the concentration of ACTH hormone in plasma increased. Surveying the level of cerebral MRI images did not show any difference, but hemorrhage was evident in a part of the cerebellum.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The tested monkey's cognitive, biological, and MRI results showed a decrease in visual learning and memory indices.</p>","PeriodicalId":8701,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11367210/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Basic and Clinical Neuroscience","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.32598/bcn.2021.1340.5","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"NEUROSCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
Introduction: Today, high-voltage (HV) lines create a pernicious environment for humans living or working in the vicinity and even under these lines. The male rhesus monkey is used to investigate the effects of fields produced by HV towers. This study examines the function and level of impact in rhesus monkeys' brains from the cerebellum's cognitive, biological, and structural perspective.
Methods: Two monkeys have been used, one as a control and the second as a test. The monkey under test was subjected to a simulated HV electrical field of 3 kV/m, 4 hours a day, for 1 month. Behavioral tests were performed using a device designed and built for this purpose. Concentration analysis of adrenocorticotropic hormones (ACTH) and inspection of glucocorticoid receptor gene's (GR) expression were performed by the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction method. Changes in cerebellar anatomy were examined with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). All tests were performed before and after the study period and compared with the control monkey.
Results: Cognitive tests showed a significant reduction for the monkey exposed to the HV electrical field in the first week after imposition compared with the same time before. Also, the expression of the GR gene decreased, and the concentration of ACTH hormone in plasma increased. Surveying the level of cerebral MRI images did not show any difference, but hemorrhage was evident in a part of the cerebellum.
Conclusion: The tested monkey's cognitive, biological, and MRI results showed a decrease in visual learning and memory indices.
期刊介绍：
BCN is an international multidisciplinary journal that publishes editorials, original full-length research articles, short communications, reviews, methodological papers, commentaries, perspectives and “news and reports” in the broad fields of developmental, molecular, cellular, system, computational, behavioral, cognitive, and clinical neuroscience. No area in the neural related sciences is excluded from consideration, although priority is given to studies that provide applied insights into the functioning of the nervous system. BCN aims to advance our understanding of organization and function of the nervous system in health and disease, thereby improving the diagnosis and treatment of neural-related disorders. Manuscripts submitted to BCN should describe novel results generated by experiments that were guided by clearly defined aims or hypotheses. BCN aims to provide serious ties in interdisciplinary communication, accessibility to a broad readership inside Iran and the region and also in all other international academic sites, effective peer review process, and independence from all possible non-scientific interests. BCN also tries to empower national, regional and international collaborative networks in the field of neuroscience in Iran, Middle East, Central Asia and North Africa and to be the voice of the Iranian and regional neuroscience community in the world of neuroscientists. In this way, the journal encourages submission of editorials, review papers, commentaries, methodological notes and perspectives that address this scope.
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