Chinese Medicines and Natural Medicine as Immunotherapeutic Agents for Gastric Cancer: Recent Advances

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI:10.1002/cnr2.2134

Zhipeng Zhang, Ziqi Chen, Zujun Que, Zhihong Fang, Huirong Zhu, Jianhui Tian

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Abstract

Backgroud

According to the 2020 statistics from the World Health Organization’s International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), it is projected that there will be over 1 million new cases of gastric cancer (GC) patients worldwide in 2020, resulting in approximately 770 000 deaths. Gastric cancer ranks fifth in terms of incidence rate and forth in death rate among malignant tumors. Despite advancements in early diagnostic techniques, the incidence of GC has exhibited a marginal decline; nevertheless, the mortality rate remains elevated for advanced inoperable patients with no currently available efficacious treatment options.

Recent Finding

Chinese medicine (CM) has emerged as an efficacious treatment for GC, gradually gaining acceptance and widespread usage in China. It exhibits distinctive advantages in the prevention and treatment of metastasis. CM and natural medicine possess the ability to elicit antitumor effects by augmenting immune cell population, enhancing immune cell activity, and improving the tumor immune microenvironment. CMs and natural remedies encompass a diverse range of types, characterized by multiple targets, pathways, and extensive pharmacological effects. Consequently, they have become a prominent research area among oncologists worldwide. Numerous studies have demonstrated that CM and natural medicine can directly or indirectly enhance innate immune system components (including macrophages, natural killer cells, and myeloid suppressor cells), adaptive immune system elements (such as T lymphocytes and regulatory T cells), relevant cytokines (e.g., IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, TNF-α), and PD-1/PD-L1 axis regulation, thereby bolstering the cytotoxicity of immune cells against tumor cells.

Conclusions

This ultimately leads to an improved tumor immune microenvironment facilitating superior antitumor efficacy. This paper critically examines the role of CM and natural medicine in regulating immunotherapy for GC, aiming to establish a new theoretical framework for the clinical treatment and prevention of gastric cancer within the realm of CM.

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作为胃癌免疫治疗药物的中药和天然药物：最新进展。

背景：根据世界卫生组织国际癌症研究机构（IARC）2020 年的统计数据，预计 2020 年全球胃癌（GC）新病例将超过 100 万例，导致约 77 万人死亡。胃癌的发病率在恶性肿瘤中排名第五，死亡率排名第四。尽管早期诊断技术不断进步，胃癌的发病率已略有下降；然而，无法手术的晚期患者的死亡率仍然很高，而且目前尚无有效的治疗方案：最新研究结果：中药已成为治疗胃癌的一种有效方法，在中国逐渐被接受和广泛使用。它在预防和治疗转移方面具有独特的优势。中药和天然药物能够通过增加免疫细胞数量、提高免疫细胞活性和改善肿瘤免疫微环境来发挥抗肿瘤作用。中药和天然药物种类繁多，具有多靶点、多途径和广泛药理作用的特点。因此，它们已成为全球肿瘤学家的一个重要研究领域。大量研究表明，中药和天然药物可直接或间接增强先天性免疫系统成分（包括巨噬细胞、自然杀伤细胞和骨髓抑制细胞）、适应性免疫系统成分（如 T 淋巴细胞和调节性 T 细胞）、相关细胞因子（如 IL-2、IL-4、IL-10、TNF-α）和 PD-1/PD-L1 轴调控，从而增强免疫细胞对肿瘤细胞的细胞毒性：结论：这最终会导致肿瘤免疫微环境的改善，从而提高抗肿瘤疗效。本文对中药和天然药物在胃癌免疫治疗中的调控作用进行了深入研究，旨在为中药在胃癌临床治疗和预防中建立新的理论框架。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.