Extraction of bioactive compound from bael (Aegle marmelos) leaves: A comparative analysis of ultrasound and microwave-assisted methods

IF 2.7 3区农林科学 Q3 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Journal of Food Process Engineering Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI:10.1111/jfpe.14723

Abhipriya Patra, V. Arun Prasath, Rahul Thakur, V. Shakthi Sree, Preetam Sarkar, Vivek Kambhampati

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Abstract

This study designs, models, and compares microwave and ultrasound-assisted extraction (MAE and UAE) methods for bioactive compounds from bael leaves, highlighting their advantages over conventional techniques in optimizing extraction efficiency. MAE achieved 45.50 ± 0.44 mg GAE/g, 11.41 ± 0.13 μg TAE/g, 0.29 ± 0.02 mg QE/g, 1.30 ± 0.09 mg diosgenin/g, and 80.40% ± 0.89% DPPH scavenging activity at optimized conditions (550 W microwave power, 2 min treatment time, and 26.74 mL solvent:BLP). However, UAE yielded 77.13 ± 0.62 mg GAE/g, 30.19 ± 0.18 μg TAE/g, 0.78 ± 0.02 mg QE/g, 1.09 ± 0.13 mg diosgenin/g, and 83.37% ± 0.80% DPPH scavenging activity at optimized conditions (32% amplitude, 18.5 min treatment time, and 40.9 mL solvent: BLP). Statistical analysis validated RSM model's accuracy, with UAE and MAE models achieving R² > 0.95 and low error values. UAE demonstrated superior efficiency in extracting bioactive compounds, reducing antinutritional components, and enhancing antimicrobial activity. FTIR and SEM confirmed higher phenolic content and greater cell disruption. These methods boost extraction efficiency, supporting the development of nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals.

Practical Application

The introduction of innovative extraction methods such as microwave and ultrasound assistance has developed the isolation of bioactive compounds from bael leaves, with wide-ranging applications in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, agriculture, food industries, and so forth. Significant findings reveal that optimized ultrasound and microwave extraction processes yield higher amounts of bioactive compounds and preserve thermolabile components, demonstrating strong potential for industry-scale production. These advanced techniques efficiently extract compounds with potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties, developing novel drugs, nutraceuticals, skincare products, natural pesticides, and growth enhancers. The resulting extracts, rich in bioactive components, offer significant health benefits and robust antimicrobial activity, making them valuable ingredients for cutting-edge products in healthcare and wellness. By leveraging the medicinal potential of bael leaves through modern extraction processes, researchers and industries can create functional foods, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics that meet the demand for natural, effective, and sustainable solutions. These innovations represent a significant leap in product development, emphasizing the importance of nature-derived ingredients in addressing progressing consumer needs for health and well-being.

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从桦树叶中提取生物活性化合物：超声波和微波辅助方法的比较分析

本研究设计、模拟并比较了微波和超声波辅助萃取（MAE 和 UAE）萃取桦木叶中生物活性化合物的方法，突出了它们在优化萃取效率方面优于传统技术的优势。在优化条件下（550 W 微波功率、2 分钟处理时间、26.74 mL 溶剂:BLP），MAE 可获得 45.50 ± 0.44 mg GAE/g、11.41 ± 0.13 μg TAE/g、0.29 ± 0.02 mg QE/g、1.30 ± 0.09 mg diosgenin/g、80.40% ± 0.89% DPPH 清除活性。然而，在优化条件下（振幅 32%，处理时间 18.5 分钟，溶剂：BLP 40.9 mL），UAE 可产生 77.13 ± 0.62 mg GAE/g、30.19 ± 0.18 μg TAE/g、0.78 ± 0.02 mg QE/g、1.09 ± 0.13 mg diosgenin/g、83.37% ± 0.80% DPPH 清除活性。统计分析验证了 RSM 模型的准确性，UAE 和 MAE 模型的 R² > 0.95 和误差值都很低。UAE 在提取生物活性化合物、减少抗营养成分和提高抗菌活性方面表现出更高的效率。傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）证实了更高的酚含量和更强的细胞破坏能力。这些方法提高了提取效率，有助于营养保健品和药品的开发。实际应用微波和超声波辅助等创新萃取方法的引入开发了从桦树叶中分离生物活性化合物的方法，在制药、化妆品、农业、食品工业等领域有着广泛的应用。重要研究结果表明，优化的超声波和微波萃取工艺能获得更多的生物活性化合物，并能保留热稳定性成分，显示出工业规模生产的巨大潜力。这些先进技术能有效提取具有强效抗氧化、抗炎、抗菌和抗癌特性的化合物，从而开发出新型药物、营养保健品、护肤品、天然杀虫剂和生长促进剂。这些提取物富含生物活性成分，具有显著的保健功效和强大的抗菌活性，是医疗保健领域尖端产品的重要成分。通过现代萃取工艺利用桦树叶的药用潜力，研究人员和工业界可以创造出功能性食品、药品和化妆品，满足对天然、有效和可持续解决方案的需求。这些创新代表着产品开发领域的重大飞跃，强调了天然成分在满足消费者对健康和福祉的不断增长的需求方面的重要性。

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来源期刊

Journal of Food Process Engineering 工程技术-工程：化工

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

10.00%

发文量

259

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： This international research journal focuses on the engineering aspects of post-production handling, storage, processing, packaging, and distribution of food. Read by researchers, food and chemical engineers, and industry experts, this is the only international journal specifically devoted to the engineering aspects of food processing. Co-Editors M. Elena Castell-Perez and Rosana Moreira, both of Texas A&M University, welcome papers covering the best original research on applications of engineering principles and concepts to food and food processes.