Tumor deposits should not be placed in the M category of TNM: A comparative survival analysis using SEER data

Abstract

Tumor deposits (TD) are tumor nodules in the lymphatic drainage area of colorectal cancer patients, and they are currently classified in the N category in the TNM classification. However, due to the associated poor prognosis, some small cohort studies suggest that TD belong in the M category. A retrospective study using The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program (SEER) data was performed in Stages III and IV colon carcinoma (CC) patients to evaluate the prognostic impact of TD. In multivariate analysis, TD have significantly negative effect on survival in both stages (Stage III HR = 1.4 [95% CI 1.4–1.5] and Stage IV HR = 1.3 [95% CI 1.2–1.3]). In Stage III, 5-year overall survival (OS) for patients with TD 49%, whereas it was 64% for patients without TD (p < .001). Additionally, in Stage IV patients without TD, the 5-year OS rates are superior at 21% compared to patients with TD, who show 5-year OS rate of 10% (p < .001). Stage III patients with TD (5-year OS 49%) have a significantly better prognosis compared to Stage IV patients (5-year OS 17%, p < .001). Therefore, despite the previous suggestions, this large scale study (n = 52,332) on outcomes in CC does not support the classification of TD in Stage IV.