Jaemin Kim, Kaiyu Zhang, Gador Canton, Niranjan Balu, Kenneth Meyer, Reza Saber, David Paydarfar, Chun Yuan, Michael S Sacks
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
An estimated 6.8 million people in the United States have an unruptured intracranial aneurysms, with approximately 30,000 people suffering from intracranial aneurysms rupture each year. Despite the development of population-based scores to evaluate the risk of rupture, retrospective analyses have suggested the limited usage of these scores in guiding clinical decision-making. With recent advancements in imaging technologies, artery wall motion has emerged as a promising biomarker for the general study of neurovascular mechanics and in assessing the risk of intracranial aneurysms. However, measuring arterial wall deformations in vivo itself poses several challenges, including how to image local wall motion and deriving the anisotropic wall strains over the cardiac cycle. To overcome these difficulties, we first developed a novel in vivo MRI-based imaging method to acquire cardiac gated images of the human basilar artery (BA) over the cardiac cycle. Next, complete BA endoluminal surfaces from each frame were segmented, producing high-resolution point clouds of the endoluminal surfaces. From these point clouds we developed a novel B-spline-based surface representation, then exploited the local support nature of B-splines to determine the local endoluminal surface strains. Results indicated distinct regional and temporal variations in BA wall deformation, highlighting the heterogeneous nature BA function. These included large circumferential strains (up to 20 ), and small longitudinal strains, which were often contractile and out of phase with the circumferential strains patterns. Of particular interest was the temporal phase lag in the maximum circumferential perimeter length, which indicated that the BA deforms asynchronously over the cardiac cycle. In summary, the proposed method enabled local deformation analysis, allowing for the successful reproduction of local features of the BA, such as regional principal stretches, areal changes, and pulsatile motion. Integrating the proposed method into existing population-based scores has the potential to improve our understanding of mechanical properties of human BA and enhance clinical decision-making.
据估计,美国有 680 万人患有未破裂的颅内动脉瘤,每年约有 3 万人颅内动脉瘤破裂。尽管开发了基于人群的评分来评估破裂风险,但回顾性分析表明,这些评分在指导临床决策方面的作用有限。随着最近成像技术的进步,动脉壁运动已成为神经血管力学综合研究和评估颅内动脉瘤风险的一种有前途的生物标志物。然而,在体内测量动脉壁变形本身就面临着一些挑战,包括如何对局部动脉壁运动进行成像,以及如何得出心动周期中各向异性的动脉壁应变。为了克服这些困难,我们首先开发了一种基于核磁共振成像的新型体内成像方法,以获取人基底动脉(BA)在心动周期内的心脏选通图像。然后,对每一帧图像中完整的基底动脉内腔表面进行分割,生成内腔表面的高分辨率点云。根据这些点云,我们开发了一种基于 B-样条曲线的新型表面表示法,然后利用 B-样条曲线的局部支持特性来确定局部腔内表面应变。结果表明 BA 管壁变形具有明显的区域性和时间性差异,凸显了 BA 功能的异质性。其中包括较大的周向应变(高达 20%)和较小的纵向应变,纵向应变通常是收缩性的,与周向应变模式不同步。尤其值得注意的是最大周长的时相滞后,这表明 BA 在心动周期中的变形是不同步的。总之,所提出的方法能够进行局部变形分析,从而成功再现 BA 的局部特征,如区域主要伸展、面积变化和搏动运动。将所提出的方法整合到现有的基于人群的评分中,有可能提高我们对人体 BA 机械特性的认识,并加强临床决策。
期刊介绍:
Annals of Biomedical Engineering is an official journal of the Biomedical Engineering Society, publishing original articles in the major fields of bioengineering and biomedical engineering. The Annals is an interdisciplinary and international journal with the aim to highlight integrated approaches to the solutions of biological and biomedical problems.