Racial/ethnic differences in the acute effects of reduced nicotine content cigarettes among adolescents who smoke

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Addictive behaviors Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI:10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108147

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Abstract

Objective

Reducing the nicotine content in cigarettes decreases their addictiveness and abuse liability, including among adolescents. Whether these effects differ by race/ethnicity is unknown. This study is a secondary analysis of previously published data collected between 2014–2017. We examined racial/ethnic differences in the effects of smoking cigarettes with varying nicotine content levels on subjective effects and tobacco withdrawal among adolescents who smoke daily.

Methods

Across two counterbalanced sessions, 50 adolescents recruited from Rhode Island (ages 15–19; 30 % Underrepresented Minorities [URM], 20 % Asians and Pacific Islanders [API]; 50 % Non-Hispanic Whites) self-administered a very low nicotine content (VLNC; 0.4 mg nicotine/g of tobacco) or normal nicotine content control (NNC; 15.8 mg/g) research cigarette following overnight abstinence. Subjective effects were reported post-administration and tobacco withdrawal outcomes were calculated from pre- to post-administration scores. Multilevel linear models tested main and interactive effects between cigarette nicotine content and race/ethnicity on all study outcomes.

Results

Participants reported lower positive subjective effects and reductions in smoking urges after smoking a VLNC cigarette relative to smoking an NNC cigarette (ps < 0.01). A main effect of race/ethnicity emerged, such that API (vs. URM and White) adolescents reported lower positive subjective effects, greater craving reduction, and higher cigarette aversion after smoking, regardless of nicotine content (ps < 0.05). Significant interactions were found between race/ethnicity and nicotine content for cigarette aversion, such that API adolescents rated VLNC (vs. NNC) cigarettes as less aversive than White and URM adolescents did (p = 0.03).

Conclusions

Findings provide evidence that VLNC cigarettes may reduce abuse liability and tobacco withdrawal symptoms for adolescents across racial/ethnic groups and particularly for API youth.

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吸烟青少年对尼古丁含量降低的香烟急性效应的种族/族裔差异。

目标：减少香烟中的尼古丁含量可降低香烟的成瘾性和滥用风险，包括对青少年的影响：减少香烟中的尼古丁含量可降低香烟的成瘾性和滥用可能性，包括对青少年的影响。这些效果是否因种族/族裔而异尚属未知。本研究是对之前公布的 2014-2017 年间收集的数据进行的二次分析。我们研究了吸食不同尼古丁含量的卷烟对每天吸烟的青少年的主观影响和烟草戒断的种族/民族差异：50名从罗德岛州招募的青少年（15-19岁；30%为代表性不足的少数族裔[URM]，20%为亚洲人和太平洋岛民[API]；50%为非西班牙裔白人）在禁烟一夜后，通过两次平衡测试，自行吸食尼古丁含量极低的卷烟（VLNC；0.4毫克尼古丁/克烟草）或尼古丁含量正常的对照卷烟（NNC；15.8毫克/克）。给药后报告主观效果，并根据给药前和给药后的评分计算烟草戒断结果。多层次线性模型检验了卷烟尼古丁含量和种族/民族对所有研究结果的主要影响和交互影响：结果：与吸食 NNC 卷烟相比，吸食 VLNC 卷烟后，参与者报告的积极主观效应和吸烟冲动减少的程度较低（ps 结论：研究结果提供了 VLNC 卷烟的证据：研究结果证明，VLNC卷烟可减少不同种族/族裔青少年的滥用责任和戒烟症状，特别是对亚太裔青少年而言。

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来源期刊

Addictive behaviors 医学-药物滥用

CiteScore

8.40

自引率

4.50%

发文量

283

审稿时长

46 days

期刊介绍： Addictive Behaviors is an international peer-reviewed journal publishing high quality human research on addictive behaviors and disorders since 1975. The journal accepts submissions of full-length papers and short communications on substance-related addictions such as the abuse of alcohol, drugs and nicotine, and behavioral addictions involving gambling and technology. We primarily publish behavioral and psychosocial research but our articles span the fields of psychology, sociology, psychiatry, epidemiology, social policy, medicine, pharmacology and neuroscience. While theoretical orientations are diverse, the emphasis of the journal is primarily empirical. That is, sound experimental design combined with valid, reliable assessment and evaluation procedures are a requisite for acceptance. However, innovative and empirically oriented case studies that might encourage new lines of inquiry are accepted as well. Studies that clearly contribute to current knowledge of etiology, prevention, social policy or treatment are given priority. Scholarly commentaries on topical issues, systematic reviews, and mini reviews are encouraged. We especially welcome multimedia papers that incorporate video or audio components to better display methodology or findings. Studies can also be submitted to Addictive Behaviors? companion title, the open access journal Addictive Behaviors Reports, which has a particular interest in ''non-traditional'', innovative and empirically-oriented research such as negative/null data papers, replication studies, case reports on novel treatments, and cross-cultural research.