Effects of chronic stress on cognitive function – From neurobiology to intervention

IF 4.3 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Neurobiology of Stress Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI:10.1016/j.ynstr.2024.100670

Milena Girotti , Sarah E. Bulin, Flavia R. Carreno

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Abstract

Exposure to chronic stress contributes considerably to the development of cognitive impairments in psychiatric disorders such as depression, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and addictive behavior. Unfortunately, unlike mood-related symptoms, cognitive impairments are not effectively treated by available therapies, a situation in part resulting from a still incomplete knowledge of the neurobiological substrates that underly cognitive domains and the difficulty in generating interventions that are both efficacious and safe.

In this review, we will present an overview of the cognitive domains affected by stress with a specific focus on cognitive flexibility, behavioral inhibition, and working memory. We will then consider the effects of stress on neuronal correlates of cognitive function and the factors which may modulate the interaction of stress and cognition. Finally, we will discuss intervention strategies for treatment of stress-related disorders and gaps in knowledge with emerging new treatments under development.

Understanding how cognitive impairment occurs during exposure to chronic stress is crucial to make progress towards the development of new and effective therapeutic approaches.

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慢性压力对认知功能的影响--从神经生物学到干预措施

在抑郁症、广泛性焦虑症（GAD）、强迫症（OCD）、创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和成瘾行为等精神疾病中，长期暴露在压力下会在很大程度上导致认知障碍的发展。遗憾的是，与情绪相关症状不同，认知障碍并不能通过现有疗法得到有效治疗，造成这种情况的部分原因是人们对认知领域的神经生物学基质的了解仍不全面，而且很难产生既有效又安全的干预措施。在这篇综述中，我们将概述受压力影响的认知领域，重点关注认知灵活性、行为抑制和工作记忆。然后，我们将探讨压力对认知功能神经元相关性的影响，以及可能调节压力与认知相互作用的因素。最后，我们将讨论治疗压力相关障碍的干预策略，以及正在开发的新疗法的知识差距。了解认知障碍是如何在长期压力下发生的，对于开发新的有效治疗方法至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Neurobiology of Stress Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Biochemistry

CiteScore

9.40

自引率

4.00%

发文量

审稿时长

48 days

期刊介绍： Neurobiology of Stress is a multidisciplinary journal for the publication of original research and review articles on basic, translational and clinical research into stress and related disorders. It will focus on the impact of stress on the brain from cellular to behavioral functions and stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders (such as depression, trauma and anxiety). The translation of basic research findings into real-world applications will be a key aim of the journal. Basic, translational and clinical research on the following topics as they relate to stress will be covered: Molecular substrates and cell signaling, Genetics and epigenetics, Stress circuitry, Structural and physiological plasticity, Developmental Aspects, Laboratory models of stress, Neuroinflammation and pathology, Memory and Cognition, Motivational Processes, Fear and Anxiety, Stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders (including depression, PTSD, substance abuse), Neuropsychopharmacology.