Fatal disseminated Mycobacterium avium infection with bone marrow infiltration and hemophagocytic syndrome

IF 2.1 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116528

Gabriele Marchetti , Lorenzo Roberto Suardi , Giusy Tiseo , Valentina Francesca Del Ricco , Niccolò Riccardi , Laura Rindi , Marco Falcone

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Abstract

Disseminated non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection can affect patients with underlying immunosuppressive conditions. Despite being rare, delay in diagnosis can lead to life-threatening uncontrolled immune response and hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS).

We report a case of a 63-year-old female with suspected autoimmune disease, in whom HPS was diagnosed according to HLH-2004 criteria and H-score. Mycobacterium avium (M. avium) was isolated from blood culture, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and bone marrow biopsy.

In immunosuppressed patients, early clinical suspicion and prompt microbiological diagnosis of mycobacterial infection together with drug susceptibility tests (DST)-based treatment, as well as HPS, are pivotal to increase the likelihood of treatment success.

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伴有骨髓浸润和嗜血细胞综合征的致命性播散分枝杆菌感染

播散性非结核分枝杆菌（NTM）感染可影响患有基础免疫抑制疾病的患者。我们报告了一例怀疑患有自身免疫性疾病的 63 岁女性患者的病例，根据 HLH-2004 标准和 H 评分确诊为 HPS。在免疫抑制患者中，早期临床怀疑和及时的分枝杆菌感染微生物学诊断以及基于药敏试验（DST）的治疗和 HPS 是提高治疗成功可能性的关键。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

3.40%

发文量

149

审稿时长

56 days

期刊介绍： Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease keeps you informed of the latest developments in clinical microbiology and the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. Packed with rigorously peer-reviewed articles and studies in bacteriology, immunology, immunoserology, infectious diseases, mycology, parasitology, and virology, the journal examines new procedures, unusual cases, controversial issues, and important new literature. Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease distinguished independent editorial board, consisting of experts from many medical specialties, ensures you extensive and authoritative coverage.