Dong-Ju Chu , Chanhee Park , Joonho Lee , Woo-Sang Jung
{"title":"Formation of eta phase during aging at 750–850 °C for Ni-base superalloys with different Ti/Al ratios","authors":"Dong-Ju Chu , Chanhee Park , Joonho Lee , Woo-Sang Jung","doi":"10.1016/j.calphad.2024.102743","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The formation of the η phase in two nickel-based superalloys that have similar amounts of titanium and aluminum but different Ti/Al ratios was investigated. The aging was carried out at 750 °C, 800 °C, and 850 °C for 10000 h. The microstructures were observed using SEM and TEM, and equilibria phases were calculated using a Thermo-Calc. equipped with TCNI11 database. Results showed that the number and size of η phase increased with aging temperature and Ti/Al ratios. The size of the γ′ phase was also found to be increased with aging temperature, but it was not significantly affected by the Ti/Al atomic ratio. However, the η phase was not predicted to be the thermodynamic equilibrium phase in the alloy using Thermo-Calc. with the TCNI11 database. The η phase was expected to be the equilibrium phase with Ti/Al ratios higher than 1.85 at 850 °C for Ni-27.0Cr-19.1Co-0.91Nb-0.29Mo-0.14C-xTi-yAl alloys. However, the result does not match the experimental observations or other literature. It is suggested that the effect of titanium on the formation of the η phase may be underestimated in the TCNI11 database. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance the accuracy of predicting the formation of the η phase by modifying at least one of the thermodynamic parameters, including the phase equilibrium of the ternary Ni-Ti-Al system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9436,"journal":{"name":"Calphad-computer Coupling of Phase Diagrams and Thermochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Calphad-computer Coupling of Phase Diagrams and Thermochemistry","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0364591624000853","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The formation of the η phase in two nickel-based superalloys that have similar amounts of titanium and aluminum but different Ti/Al ratios was investigated. The aging was carried out at 750 °C, 800 °C, and 850 °C for 10000 h. The microstructures were observed using SEM and TEM, and equilibria phases were calculated using a Thermo-Calc. equipped with TCNI11 database. Results showed that the number and size of η phase increased with aging temperature and Ti/Al ratios. The size of the γ′ phase was also found to be increased with aging temperature, but it was not significantly affected by the Ti/Al atomic ratio. However, the η phase was not predicted to be the thermodynamic equilibrium phase in the alloy using Thermo-Calc. with the TCNI11 database. The η phase was expected to be the equilibrium phase with Ti/Al ratios higher than 1.85 at 850 °C for Ni-27.0Cr-19.1Co-0.91Nb-0.29Mo-0.14C-xTi-yAl alloys. However, the result does not match the experimental observations or other literature. It is suggested that the effect of titanium on the formation of the η phase may be underestimated in the TCNI11 database. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance the accuracy of predicting the formation of the η phase by modifying at least one of the thermodynamic parameters, including the phase equilibrium of the ternary Ni-Ti-Al system.
期刊介绍:
The design of industrial processes requires reliable thermodynamic data. CALPHAD (Computer Coupling of Phase Diagrams and Thermochemistry) aims to promote computational thermodynamics through development of models to represent thermodynamic properties for various phases which permit prediction of properties of multicomponent systems from those of binary and ternary subsystems, critical assessment of data and their incorporation into self-consistent databases, development of software to optimize and derive thermodynamic parameters and the development and use of databanks for calculations to improve understanding of various industrial and technological processes. This work is disseminated through the CALPHAD journal and its annual conference.