Synthesis and characterization of catalytically active Ni(II) complexes with Bis(phenol)diamine ligands

Abstract

A novel N,N’-dimethylethylenediamine derivative of substituted bis(phenol)diamine ligands, namely 2-(tert-butyl)-4-methylphenol in H₂L¹, was synthesized by a convenient green procedure. Nickel)II) complex [NiL¹] 1 has been synthesized and characterized by various methods along with crystal structure determined. Ni(II) coordination center in a mononuclear complex is surrounded by two phenolate oxygen atoms and two amine nitrogen atoms of the ligand in a square planar arrangement. The magnetic susceptibility of the title complex indicates a paramagnetic behavior above 150 K, while strong ferromagnetism below 100 K. Furthermore, the cyclic voltammetry studies show two ligand-centered oxidation of the phenolate groups to phenoxyl radical and the metal-centered reduction of Ni(II) to Ni(0). The Glaser coupling reaction of phenylacetylene was also studied. A strong catalytic activity at room T in THF solvent is observed for 1 in the presence of zinc powder as a reducing agent. A full conversion rate was achieved after 7 h at 25 °C. The DFT analysis corroborates with the square-planar NiO₂N₂ chromophore of 1 being reduced in catalytically active Ni(0) by applied Zn. The calculated Gibbs free energy of the reaction leading to the formation of the substrate Ni-complex is favorable endothermic. Most of the data for 1 were obtained also for the very similar previously reported [NiL²] 2, with 2,4- di tert-butylphenol in H₂L², which were than compared.