Molecular targets in SARS-CoV-2 infection: An update on repurposed drug candidates

IF 2.9 4区医学 Q2 PATHOLOGY Pathology, research and practice Pub Date : 2024-09-08 DOI:10.1016/j.prp.2024.155589

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Abstract

The 2019 widespread contagion of the human coronavirus novel type (SARS-CoV-2) led to a pandemic declaration by the World Health Organization. A daily increase in patient numbers has formed an urgent necessity to find suitable targets and treatment options for the novel coronavirus (COVID-19). Despite scientists’ struggles to discover quick treatment solutions, few effective specific drugs are approved to control SARS-CoV-2 infections thoroughly. Drug repositioning or Drug repurposing and target-based approaches are promising strategies for facilitating the drug discovery process. Here, we review current in silico, in vitro, in vivo, and clinical updates regarding proposed drugs for prospective treatment options for COVID-19. Drug targets that can direct pharmaceutical sciences efforts to discover new drugs against SARS-CoV-2 are divided into two categories: Virus-based targets, for example, Spike glycoprotein and Nucleocapsid Protein, and host-based targets, for instance, inflammatory cytokines and cell receptors through which the virus infects the cell. A broad spectrum of drugs has been found to show anti-SARS-CoV-2 potential, including antiviral drugs and monoclonal antibodies, statins, anti-inflammatory agents, and herbal products.

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SARS-CoV-2 感染的分子靶点：候选药物的最新进展

2019 年人类新型冠状病毒（SARS-CoV-2）的广泛传播导致世界卫生组织宣布大流行。患者人数与日俱增，迫切需要找到针对新型冠状病毒（COVID-19）的合适靶点和治疗方案。尽管科学家们一直在努力寻找快速治疗方案，但能彻底控制 SARS-CoV-2 感染的有效特效药物却寥寥无几。药物再定位或药物再利用以及基于靶点的方法是促进药物发现过程的有前途的策略。在此，我们回顾了目前在硅学、体外、体内和临床方面有关 COVID-19 未来治疗方案拟议药物的最新进展。可指导制药科学发现抗 SARS-CoV-2 新药的药物靶点分为两类：以病毒为基础的靶点，如穗状糖蛋白和核壳蛋白；以宿主为基础的靶点，如炎症细胞因子和细胞受体，病毒通过它们感染细胞。目前已发现多种药物具有抗 SARS-CoV-2 的潜力，包括抗病毒药物和单克隆抗体、他汀类药物、消炎药和草药产品。

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来源期刊

Pathology, research and practice 医学-病理学

CiteScore

5.00

自引率

3.60%

发文量

405

审稿时长

24 days

期刊介绍： Pathology, Research and Practice provides accessible coverage of the most recent developments across the entire field of pathology: Reviews focus on recent progress in pathology, while Comments look at interesting current problems and at hypotheses for future developments in pathology. Original Papers present novel findings on all aspects of general, anatomic and molecular pathology. Rapid Communications inform readers on preliminary findings that may be relevant for further studies and need to be communicated quickly. Teaching Cases look at new aspects or special diagnostic problems of diseases and at case reports relevant for the pathologist''s practice.