Electron FLASH platform for pre-clinical research: LINAC modification, simplification of pulse control and dosimetry

arXiv - PHYS - Medical Physics Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI:arxiv-2408.15426

Banghao ZhouBiomedical Imaging and Radiation Technology Laboratory, Lixiang GuoBiomedical Imaging and Radiation Technology Laboratory, Weiguo LuDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA, Mahbubur RahmanDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA, Rongxiao ZhangDepartment of Radiation Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, Varghese Anto ChirayathDepartment of Physics, College of Science, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA, Yang Kyun ParkDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA, Strahinja StojadinovicDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA, Marvin GarzaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA, Ken Kang-Hsin WangBiomedical Imaging and Radiation Technology Laboratory

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Abstract

Background: FLASH radiotherapy is a treatment regime that delivers therapeutic dose to tumors at an ultra-high dose rate while maintaining adequate normal tissue sparing. However, a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms, potential late toxicities, and optimal fractionation schemes is important for successful clinical translation. This has necessitated extensive pre-clinical investigations, leading several research institutions to initiate dedicated FLASH research programs. Purpose: This work describes a workflow for establishing an easily accessible electron FLASH (eFLASH) platform. The platform incorporates simplified pulse control, optimized dose rate delivery, and validated Monte Carlo (MC) dose engine for accurate in vivo dosimetry dedicated to FLASH pre-clinical studies. Methods: Adjustment of the automatic frequency control (AFC) module allowed us to optimize the LINAC pulse form to achieve a uniform dose rate. A MC model for the 6 MeV FLASH beam was commissioned to ensure accurate dose calculation necessary for reproducible in vivo studies. Results: Optimizing the AFC module enabled the generation of a uniform pulse form, ensuring consistent dose per pulse and a uniform dose rate throughout FLASH irradiation. The MC model closely agreed with film measurements. MC dose calculations indicated that 6 MeV FLASH is adequate to achieve a uniform dose distribution for mouse whole brain irradiation but may not be optimal for the spinal cord study. Conclusions: We present a novel workflow for establishing a LINAC-based eFLASH research platform, incorporating techniques for optimized dose rate delivery, a simplified pulse control system, and validated MC engine. This work provides researchers with valuable new approaches to facilitate the development of robust and accessible LINAC-based system for FLASH studies.

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用于临床前研究的电子 FLASH 平台：LINAC 改造、简化脉冲控制和剂量测定

背景：FLASH放疗是一种以超高剂量率向肿瘤输送治疗剂量的治疗方法，同时又能充分保留正常组织。然而，全面了解其基本机制、潜在的晚期毒性以及最佳的分割方案对于成功的临床转化非常重要。这就需要进行广泛的临床前研究，促使一些研究机构启动了专门的 FLASH 研究计划。目的：这项工作描述了建立易于使用的电子 FLASH（eFLASH）平台的工作流程。该平台整合了简化的脉冲控制、优化的剂量输送以及经过验证的蒙特卡罗（MC）剂量引擎，可用于精确的体内剂量测定，专门用于 FLASH 临床前研究。方法：通过调整自动频率控制（AFC）模块，我们可以优化 LINAC 脉冲形式，以实现均匀的剂量率。为 6 MeV FLASH 射束调试了一个 MC 模型，以确保进行可重复的体内研究所需的精确剂量计算。结果：优化 AFC 模块可生成均匀的脉冲形式，确保每个脉冲的剂量一致，FLASH 整个辐照过程的剂量率均匀。MC 模型与胶片测量结果非常吻合。MC 剂量计算表明，6 MeV FLASH 足以实现小鼠全脑辐照的均匀剂量分布，但可能不是脊髓研究的最佳选择。结论：我们介绍了建立基于 LINAC 的 eFLASH 研究平台的新工作流程，其中包含优化剂量率传递的技术、简化的脉冲控制系统和经过验证的 MC 引擎。这项工作为研究人员提供了有价值的新方法，以促进基于 LINAC 系统的 FLASH 研究的稳健发展。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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arXiv - PHYS - Medical Physics

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