Comparative cytogenetics of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) breeding lines reveal chromosomal variability and instability

IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRONOMY Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI:10.1007/s10722-024-02176-z
Nii-Ayi Ankrah, Abdullah El-nagish, Sarah Breitenbach, Antonia Y. Tetteh, Tony Heitkam
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Abstract

Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus), a native warm-seasonal crop in Africa, is being considered for genetic improvement for local bast fiber production. To expedite its genetic improvement through breeding, kenaf genotypes from Ghana were assessed for genomic diversity regarding their chromosomal composition and ploidy levels. To gain insight into the repetitive DNA fractions in kenaf, the organization of 5S and 35S rRNA genes, as well as telomeric signal patterns were studied by a molecular cytogenetic approach. Using multi-color fluorescent in situ hybridization, distinct rDNA loci and Arabidopsis-like telomere signal patterns were revealed. The 5S rRNA genes were conserved in kenaf and localized in interstitial regions of two chromosomes across all accessions. The 35S rRNA genes were variable across the kenaf accessions and localized at sub-terminal ends and rarely interstitially in eight or six chromosome arms. Telomeric signals were observed at terminal ends of all chromosomes and the chromosome configuration of Ghana kenaf accessions were each confirmed to be 2n = 2x = 36. Observed genomic instability in kenaf is discussed. This report provides cytogenetic insights into the genome organization of kenaf and variability of its breeding lines. Additionally, this study sets the basis for further research to analyze the repetitive DNA sequences and develop reference karyotypes to reveal genetic and evolutionary relationships between cultivated and wild Hibiscus species.

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木槿(Hibiscus cannabinus L.)育种品系的细胞遗传学比较揭示了染色体的变异性和不稳定性
非洲原生暖季作物木槿(Hibiscus cannabinus)正在考虑进行基因改良,以生产当地的韧皮纤维。为了通过育种加快其遗传改良,我们对加纳的剑麻基因型进行了染色体组成和倍性水平方面的基因组多样性评估。为了深入了解剑麻的重复 DNA 片段,研究人员采用分子细胞遗传学方法对 5S 和 35S rRNA 基因的组织以及端粒信号模式进行了研究。通过多色荧光原位杂交,发现了不同的 rDNA 位点和类似拟南芥的端粒信号模式。5S rRNA基因在拟南芥中是保守的,在所有品种中都定位于两条染色体的间隙区。35S rRNA基因在不同的kenaf品种中存在差异,定位于亚端末端,很少定位于8条或6条染色体臂的间隙区。在所有染色体的末端都观察到了端粒信号,加纳 kenaf 各品种的染色体结构均被证实为 2n = 2x = 36。报告讨论了所观察到的非洲楝基因组不稳定性。本报告提供了细胞遗传学方面的见解,有助于了解欧洲鹅掌楸的基因组组织及其育种品系的变异性。此外,本研究还为进一步研究分析重复 DNA 序列和开发参考核型奠定了基础,从而揭示栽培和野生木槿物种之间的遗传和进化关系。
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来源期刊
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
10.00%
发文量
178
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution is devoted to all aspects of plant genetic resources research. It publishes original articles in the fields of taxonomical, morphological, physiological, biochemical, genetical, cytological or ethnobotanical research of genetic resources and includes contributions to gene-bank management in a broad sense, that means to collecting, maintenance, evaluation, storage and documentation. Areas of particular interest include: -crop evolution -domestication -crop-weed relationships -related wild species -history of cultivated plants including palaeoethnobotany. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution also publishes short communications, e.g. newly described crop taxa, nomenclatural notes, reports of collecting missions, evaluation results of gene-bank material etc. as well as book reviews of important publications in the field of genetic resources. Every volume will contain some review articles on actual problems. The journal is the internationalized continuation of the German periodical Die Kulturpflanze, published formerly by the Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research at Gatersleben, Germany. All contributions are in the English language and are subject to peer reviewing.
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