V. Fiorilli, A. Martínez-Medina, Maria J. Pozo, L. Lanfranco
{"title":"Plant Immunity Modulation in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis and Its Impact on Pathogens and Pests","authors":"V. Fiorilli, A. Martínez-Medina, Maria J. Pozo, L. Lanfranco","doi":"10.1146/annurev-phyto-121423-042014","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis is the oldest and most widespread mutualistic association on Earth and involves plants and soil fungi belonging to Glomeromycotina. A complex molecular, cellular, and genetic developmental program enables partner recognition, fungal accommodation in plant tissues, and activation of symbiotic functions such as transfer of phosphorus in exchange for carbohydrates and lipids. AM fungi, as ancient obligate biotrophs, have evolved strategies to circumvent plant defense responses to guarantee an intimate and long-lasting mutualism. They are among those root-associated microorganisms able to boost plants’ ability to cope with biotic stresses leading to mycorrhiza-induced resistance (MIR), which can be effective across diverse hosts and against different attackers. Here, we examine the molecular mechanisms underlying the modulation of plant immunity during colonization by AM fungi and at the onset and display of MIR against belowground and aboveground pests and pathogens. Understanding the MIR efficiency spectrum and its regulation is of great importance to optimizing the biotechnological application of these beneficial microbes for sustainable crop protection.","PeriodicalId":8251,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of phytopathology","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Annual review of phytopathology","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-phyto-121423-042014","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PLANT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis is the oldest and most widespread mutualistic association on Earth and involves plants and soil fungi belonging to Glomeromycotina. A complex molecular, cellular, and genetic developmental program enables partner recognition, fungal accommodation in plant tissues, and activation of symbiotic functions such as transfer of phosphorus in exchange for carbohydrates and lipids. AM fungi, as ancient obligate biotrophs, have evolved strategies to circumvent plant defense responses to guarantee an intimate and long-lasting mutualism. They are among those root-associated microorganisms able to boost plants’ ability to cope with biotic stresses leading to mycorrhiza-induced resistance (MIR), which can be effective across diverse hosts and against different attackers. Here, we examine the molecular mechanisms underlying the modulation of plant immunity during colonization by AM fungi and at the onset and display of MIR against belowground and aboveground pests and pathogens. Understanding the MIR efficiency spectrum and its regulation is of great importance to optimizing the biotechnological application of these beneficial microbes for sustainable crop protection.
丛枝菌根(AM)共生是地球上最古老、最普遍的互惠关系,涉及植物和土壤中属于球菌纲的真菌。通过复杂的分子、细胞和遗传发育程序,真菌可以识别伙伴,在植物组织中寄居,并启动共生功能,如转移磷以交换碳水化合物和脂质。作为古老的强制性生物营养体,AM 真菌进化出了规避植物防御反应的策略,以保证亲密持久的互惠关系。它们是能够提高植物应对生物胁迫能力的根相关微生物之一,从而产生菌根诱导抗性(MIR),这种抗性在不同的宿主和不同的攻击者身上都能有效发挥作用。在此,我们研究了在 AM 真菌定殖过程中,以及在 MIR 开始和显现时,植物对地下和地上害虫和病原体的免疫调节的分子机制。了解 MIR 的效率谱及其调控对优化这些有益微生物的生物技术应用以实现可持续作物保护具有重要意义。
期刊介绍:
The Annual Review of Phytopathology, established in 1963, covers major advancements in plant pathology, including plant disease diagnosis, pathogens, host-pathogen Interactions, epidemiology and ecology, breeding for resistance and plant disease management, and includes a special section on the development of concepts. The journal is now open access through Annual Reviews' Subscribe to Open program, with articles published under a CC BY license.