Barium cycling in the Gulf of Aqaba

IF 2 3区 地球科学 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Frontiers in Earth Science Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI:10.3389/feart.2024.1178487
Kimberley K. Mayfield, Tristan J. Horner, Adi Torfstein, Maureen E. Auro, Peter W. Crockford, Adina Paytan
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Abstract

The isotopic composition of barium (δ138Ba) has emerged as a powerful tracer of deep-ocean circulation, water mass provenance, and the oceanic Ba cycle. Although the δ138Ba of water masses is primarily controlled by the balance between pelagic barite precipitation and Ba resupply from ocean circulation, questions remain regarding the isotopic offset associated with pelagic barite formation and how the resultant Ba isotope compositions are transmitted through the water column to marine sediments. To address these questions, we conducted a time series study of dissolved, particulate, and sedimentary Ba chemistry in the Gulf of Aqaba (GOA), in the northern Red Sea, from January 2015 to April 2016. These data span significant seasonal changes in hydrography, primary productivity, and aerosol deposition, revealing three principal findings. First, the dissolved Ba chemistry of the GOA is vertically uniform across the time series, largely reflecting water mass advection from the Red Sea, with mean dissolved Ba concentrations of 47.9 ± 4.7 nmol kg−1 and mean δ138Ba = +0.55‰ ± 0.07‰ (±2 SD, n = 18). Second, despite significant variations in particulate matter composition and flux, the δ138Ba of sinking particulate Ba maintained a consistent isotope composition across different depths and over time at +0.09‰ ± 0.06‰ (n = 26). Consequently, these data imply a consistent Ba isotope offset of −0.46‰ ± 0.10‰ (±2 SD) between sinking particulates and seawater. This offset is similar to those determined in previous studies and indicates that it applies to particulates formed across diverse environmental conditions. Third, barite-containing sediment samples deposited in the GOA exhibit δ138Ba = +0.34‰ ± 0.03‰, which is offset by approximately +0.2‰ relative to sinking particles. While the specific mechanism driving this offset remains unresolved, our results highlight the importance of performing site-specific proxy validations and exercising careful site selection when applying novel paleoceanographic proxies.
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亚喀巴湾的钡循环
钡(δ138Ba)的同位素组成已成为深海环流、水体来源和大洋钡循环的有力示踪剂。虽然水团的δ138Ba 主要受浮游重晶石沉淀和大洋环流补给钡之间的平衡控制,但与浮游重晶石形成相关的同位素偏移,以及由此产生的钡同位素组成如何通过水柱传递到海洋沉积物等问题仍然存在。为了解决这些问题,我们在 2015 年 1 月至 2016 年 4 月期间对红海北部亚喀巴湾(GOA)的溶解物、颗粒物和沉积物中的 Ba 化学成分进行了时间序列研究。这些数据跨越了水文地理、初级生产力和气溶胶沉积的重大季节性变化,揭示了三个主要发现。首先,在整个时间序列中,GOA 的溶解态钡化学成分在垂直方向上是一致的,这在很大程度上反映了来自红海的水量平流,平均溶解态钡浓度为 47.9 ± 4.7 nmol kg-1,平均δ138Ba = +0.55‰ ± 0.07‰(±2 SD,n = 18)。其次,尽管颗粒物质的组成和通量有很大变化,但下沉颗粒钡的δ138Ba 在不同深度和不同时间的同位素组成保持一致,为 +0.09‰ ± 0.06‰(n = 26)。因此,这些数据意味着下沉微粒与海水之间的钡同位素偏移为-0.46‰ ± 0.10‰(±2 SD)。这一偏移量与以往研究中确定的偏移量相似,表明它适用于在不同环境条件下形成的微粒。第三,沉积于全球海洋观测系统的含重晶石沉积物样本显示δ138Ba = +0.34‰ ± 0.03‰,相对于下沉颗粒偏移约+0.2‰。虽然驱动这种偏移的具体机制仍未解决,但我们的结果突显了在应用新型古海洋学代用指标时进行特定地点代用指标验证和谨慎选址的重要性。
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来源期刊
Frontiers in Earth Science
Frontiers in Earth Science Earth and Planetary Sciences-General Earth and Planetary Sciences
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
10.30%
发文量
2076
审稿时长
12 weeks
期刊介绍: Frontiers in Earth Science is an open-access journal that aims to bring together and publish on a single platform the best research dedicated to our planet. This platform hosts the rapidly growing and continuously expanding domains in Earth Science, involving the lithosphere (including the geosciences spectrum), the hydrosphere (including marine geosciences and hydrology, complementing the existing Frontiers journal on Marine Science) and the atmosphere (including meteorology and climatology). As such, Frontiers in Earth Science focuses on the countless processes operating within and among the major spheres constituting our planet. In turn, the understanding of these processes provides the theoretical background to better use the available resources and to face the major environmental challenges (including earthquakes, tsunamis, eruptions, floods, landslides, climate changes, extreme meteorological events): this is where interdependent processes meet, requiring a holistic view to better live on and with our planet. The journal welcomes outstanding contributions in any domain of Earth Science. The open-access model developed by Frontiers offers a fast, efficient, timely and dynamic alternative to traditional publication formats. The journal has 20 specialty sections at the first tier, each acting as an independent journal with a full editorial board. The traditional peer-review process is adapted to guarantee fairness and efficiency using a thorough paperless process, with real-time author-reviewer-editor interactions, collaborative reviewer mandates to maximize quality, and reviewer disclosure after article acceptance. While maintaining a rigorous peer-review, this system allows for a process whereby accepted articles are published online on average 90 days after submission. General Commentary articles as well as Book Reviews in Frontiers in Earth Science are only accepted upon invitation.
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