A retrospective study on safety and efficacy of recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin to acute aortic dissection with disseminated intravascular coagulation

Abstract

Recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin (rTM) has recently been used as a promising therapeutic natural anti-coagulant drug for disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Here we investigated the safety and efficacy of rTM after aortic surgery in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). A total of 316 patients diagnosed with AAD underwent emergent ascending aortic replacement or total arch replacement between 2010 and 2019. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical information of 62 patients with the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine’s acute-stage DIC diagnostic criteria (JAAM criteria) with a score of ≥ 4. We assigned 62 patients to two groups, either non-rTM group (n = 29) or rTM group (n = 33). Patient characteristics, surgical procedures, and postoperative outcome data including coagulation function and the JAAM DIC score in both groups were collected. The decrease in the number of platelets was clearly suppressed on days 1–3 in the rTM group. On days 1–4, fibrin degradation product levels were upregulated in the non-rTM group but significantly downregulated in the rTM group. Five operative deaths occurred within 30 days postoperative (two [6.9%] in the non-rTM group vs. three [9.1%] in the rTM group). The JAAM DIC score showed a gradually improving trend from postoperative day 1 in the rTM group. Postoperative rTM administration for AAD may be a safe and promising novel treatment strategy for improving the JAAM DIC score.