Effectiveness of spawning substrate enhancement for adfluvial fish in a regulated sub‐Arctic river

IF 1.7 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES River Research and Applications Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI:10.1002/rra.4358
M. Miller, C. Stevens, M. S. Poesch
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Abstract

Initial observations of egg mortality downstream of a hydroelectric facility on the Yellowknife River in the Northwest Territories prompted the investigation of habitat use by adfluvial lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush), lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis), and cisco (Coregonus artedi). It was conducted to meet regulatory requirements under the Fisheries Act (1985) for the facility and was focused on results from annual snorkel surveys completed from 2016 to 2019. The design principles of the installed habitat were based on habitat rehabilitation projects for anadromous salmonids in rivers, artificial spawning reefs constructed in lakes for lacustrine populations of lake trout, and lake whitefish and the 2016 study results. The evaluation of the installed habitat was based on results from snorkel surveys that collected data on egg density and survival using 1 m2 plots on both natural and artificially enhanced substrates. Three years of postenhancement monitoring indicated higher egg densities and a greater proportion of live eggs in the artificially enhanced habitat compared to the natural habitat, with more pronounced trends observed for coregonids (lake whitefish and cisco) compared to lake trout. These findings suggest that habitat enhancement has the potential to enhance juvenile recruitment for adfluvial fish. A critical factor in the design was ensuring the substrate composition provided adequate interstitial spaces for egg development and protection. This study represents the first documented attempt at habitat improvement in a regulated sub‐Arctic river in Canada. The results and design principles for the installed habitat offer a valuable framework for new or existing development projects in Northern Canada that require conservation actions to maintain fisheries productivity.
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在一条受到管制的亚北极河流中改善产卵基质以保护底栖鱼类的效果
对西北地区耶洛奈夫河(Yellowknife River)水电设施下游鱼卵死亡情况的初步观察促使我们对河口湖鳟(Salvelinus namaycush)、湖白鲑(Coregonus clupeaformis)和矶鳕(Coregonus artedi)的栖息地使用情况进行调查。开展这项工作是为了满足《渔业法》(1985 年)对该设施的监管要求,其重点是 2016 年至 2019 年完成的年度浮潜调查的结果。已安装栖息地的设计原则是基于河流中溯河鲑鱼栖息地恢复项目、湖泊中为湖鳟和湖白鲑等湖泊种群建造的人工产卵礁以及 2016 年的研究结果。对已安装栖息地的评估基于浮潜调查的结果,浮潜调查使用天然和人工强化基质上的 1 平方米地块收集卵密度和存活率数据。三年的强化后监测结果表明,与自然栖息地相比,人工强化栖息地中的卵密度更高,活卵比例也更大,与湖鳟相比,湖白鲑鱼和矶鳕鱼的卵密度和活卵比例趋势更为明显。这些研究结果表明,栖息地的改善有可能提高河口鱼类的幼鱼繁殖率。设计中的一个关键因素是确保底质成分能为鱼卵的发育和保护提供足够的间隙空间。这项研究是加拿大首次尝试在受管制的亚北极河流中改善栖息地。所安装栖息地的结果和设计原则为加拿大北部新的或现有的开发项目提供了一个宝贵的框架,这些项目需要采取保护措施来维持渔业生产力。
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来源期刊
River Research and Applications
River Research and Applications 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
9.10%
发文量
158
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: River Research and Applications , previously published as Regulated Rivers: Research and Management (1987-2001), is an international journal dedicated to the promotion of basic and applied scientific research on rivers. The journal publishes original scientific and technical papers on biological, ecological, geomorphological, hydrological, engineering and geographical aspects related to rivers in both the developed and developing world. Papers showing how basic studies and new science can be of use in applied problems associated with river management, regulation and restoration are encouraged as is interdisciplinary research concerned directly or indirectly with river management problems.
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