Spatial Variability of Soil Aggregate Size Fractions Driven by Precipitation and Nitrogen Fertilizer at the Regional Scale in Southwestern China

IF 3.4 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI:10.1007/s42729-024-01981-w
Wei-chun Zhang, Xin Zhang, Wei Wu, Hong-bin Liu
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Abstract

Detailed information on the spatial variability of soil aggregate-size fractions (SASF) is crucial for soil erosion modelling and agricultural production. The effects of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on SASF have been widely studied at the grain to small-watershed scales, but rarely studied at the regional scale. This study aimed to investigate the influence of 19 environmental factors on the spatial variability of SASF in southwestern China, where similar tillage practices were used in local tobacco fields. A total of 2238 soil samples were randomly collected from the topsoil (0–20 cm) for analysis. The random forest model was used to identify the relationship between SASF and environmental factors. Random Forest explained 43–54% of SASF variability. Total precipitation during the non-growing period (NGP) was the main factor influencing the variation of SASF, which was 2 to 3 times more important than total precipitation during the growing season (GP) and nitrogen fertilizer application, which ranked second or third, respectively. After NGP exceeded the threshold values, aggregate formation slowed down, while after GP exceeded the threshold values, aggregate fragmentation accelerated. Additionally, excessive nitrogen fertilization not only negatively affected soil aggregate formation, but also weakened the promotional effects of NGP. Overall, our regional-scale study identified the effects of precipitation and nitrogen fertilization on SASF, which might be useful for regional soil erosion modelling and climate-adapted agricultural policies.

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中国西南地区区域尺度上降水和氮肥驱动的土壤团粒结构空间变异性
有关土壤团粒大小分数(SASF)空间变异性的详细信息对于土壤侵蚀建模和农业生产至关重要。内在和外在因素对 SASF 的影响已在颗粒到小流域尺度上进行了广泛研究,但很少在区域尺度上进行研究。本研究旨在调查中国西南地区类似耕作方式的烟田中 19 种环境因素对 SASF 空间变异性的影响。本研究从表土(0-20 厘米)中随机采集了 2238 个土壤样本进行分析。随机森林模型用于识别 SASF 与环境因素之间的关系。随机森林解释了 SASF 变异的 43-54%。非生长期总降水量(NGP)是影响 SASF 变异的主要因素,其重要性是生长期总降水量(GP)和氮肥施用量的 2 至 3 倍,分别排在第二和第三位。当 NGP 超过临界值后,聚合体形成速度减慢,而当 GP 超过临界值后,聚合体破碎速度加快。此外,过量施用氮肥不仅会对土壤聚合体的形成产生负面影响,还会削弱 NGP 的促进作用。总之,我们的区域尺度研究确定了降水和氮肥对 SASF 的影响,这可能对区域土壤侵蚀建模和气候适应性农业政策有用。
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来源期刊
Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition
Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Soil Science
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
10.30%
发文量
331
审稿时长
9 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition is an international, peer reviewed journal devoted to publishing original research findings in the areas of soil science, plant nutrition, agriculture and environmental science. Soil sciences submissions may cover physics, chemistry, biology, microbiology, mineralogy, ecology, pedology, soil classification and amelioration. Plant nutrition and agriculture submissions may include plant production, physiology and metabolism of plants, plant ecology, diversity and sustainability of agricultural systems, organic and inorganic fertilization in relation to their impact on yields, quality of plants and ecological systems, and agroecosystems studies. Submissions covering soil degradation, environmental pollution, nature conservation, and environmental protection are also welcome. The journal considers for publication original research articles, technical notes, short communication, and reviews (both voluntary and by invitation), and letters to the editor.
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