{"title":"A diverse underwater image formation model for underwater image restoration","authors":"Sami Ullah, Najmul Hassan, Naeem Bhatti","doi":"10.1007/s12145-024-01462-9","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>The underwater images (UWIs) are one of the most effective sources to collect information about the underwater environment. Due to the irregular optical properties of different water types, the captured UWIs suffer from color cast, low visibility and distortion. Moreover, each water type offers different optical absorption, scattering, and attenuation of red, green and blue bands, which makes restoration of UWIs a challenging task. The revised underwater image formation model (RUIFM) considers only the peak values of the corresponding attenuation coefficient of each water type to restore UWIs. The performance of RUIFM suffers due to the inter-class variations of UWIs in a water type. In this paper, we propose an improved version of RUIFM as the Diverse Underwater Image Formation Model (DUIFM). The DUIFM increases the diversity of RUIFM by deeply encountering the optical properties of each water type. We investigate the inter-class variations of Jerlov-based classes of UWIs in terms of light attenuation and statistical features and further classify each image into low, medium and high bands. Which, in turn, provides the precise inherent optical attenuation coefficient of water and increases the generality of the DUIFM in color restoration and enhancement. The qualitative and quantitative performance evaluation results on publicly available real-world underwater enhancement (RUIE), underwater image enhancement benchmark (UIEB) and enhanced underwater visual perception (EUVP) data sets demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed DUIFM.</p>","PeriodicalId":49318,"journal":{"name":"Earth Science Informatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Earth Science Informatics","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12145-024-01462-9","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The underwater images (UWIs) are one of the most effective sources to collect information about the underwater environment. Due to the irregular optical properties of different water types, the captured UWIs suffer from color cast, low visibility and distortion. Moreover, each water type offers different optical absorption, scattering, and attenuation of red, green and blue bands, which makes restoration of UWIs a challenging task. The revised underwater image formation model (RUIFM) considers only the peak values of the corresponding attenuation coefficient of each water type to restore UWIs. The performance of RUIFM suffers due to the inter-class variations of UWIs in a water type. In this paper, we propose an improved version of RUIFM as the Diverse Underwater Image Formation Model (DUIFM). The DUIFM increases the diversity of RUIFM by deeply encountering the optical properties of each water type. We investigate the inter-class variations of Jerlov-based classes of UWIs in terms of light attenuation and statistical features and further classify each image into low, medium and high bands. Which, in turn, provides the precise inherent optical attenuation coefficient of water and increases the generality of the DUIFM in color restoration and enhancement. The qualitative and quantitative performance evaluation results on publicly available real-world underwater enhancement (RUIE), underwater image enhancement benchmark (UIEB) and enhanced underwater visual perception (EUVP) data sets demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed DUIFM.
期刊介绍:
The Earth Science Informatics [ESIN] journal aims at rapid publication of high-quality, current, cutting-edge, and provocative scientific work in the area of Earth Science Informatics as it relates to Earth systems science and space science. This includes articles on the application of formal and computational methods, computational Earth science, spatial and temporal analyses, and all aspects of computer applications to the acquisition, storage, processing, interchange, and visualization of data and information about the materials, properties, processes, features, and phenomena that occur at all scales and locations in the Earth system’s five components (atmosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere, biosphere, cryosphere) and in space (see "About this journal" for more detail). The quarterly journal publishes research, methodology, and software articles, as well as editorials, comments, and book and software reviews. Review articles of relevant findings, topics, and methodologies are also considered.