Life Cycle Assessment of Industrial Wastewater Treatment Trains

IF 6.5 3区材料科学 Q2 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Advanced Sustainable Systems Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI:10.1002/adsu.202400246

Dana Tran, Jennifer Weidhaas

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Abstract

Alternative technologies to granular activated carbon (GAC) are of interest to improve the sustainability and reduce the cost of munitions wastewater treatment. Research efforts have highlighted GAC alternatives, yet few reports of environmental and economic impacts associated with these technologies are available. Herein, a life cycle assessment (LCA) aids in assessment of environmental impacts associated with six munitions wastewater treatment configurations—specifically GAC, compared to five configurations that include combinations of ion exchange (IX), reverse osmosis (RO), aerobic granular reactors (AGR), UV/H2O2, and ozone technologies. The LCA compares environmental impacts generated by treating 1 m3 of munitions wastewater, impacts by life cycle stage, and effects of IX, RO, and GAC replacement frequency. Results show that IX resin pairs with AGR (for flow‐through treatment) and ozone (for IX regenerant treatment) generated 22 ± 18% less impact than GAC in nine of ten environmental impact categories during production, transportation, and disposal. Treatment trains with ozone or AGR produce 35% less environmental impact than those with UV/H2O2. Production and use stages generate more environmental impacts than transportation and disposal stages for most treatment technologies. This LCA provides insights into the sustainability of six munition wastewater treatment technologies and identifies areas where treatment sustainability can be improved.

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工业废水处理列车的生命周期评估

颗粒活性碳（GAC）的替代技术对提高弹药废水处理的可持续性和降低其成本很有意义。研究工作强调了 GAC 替代技术，但与这些技术相关的环境和经济影响报告却寥寥无几。在本文中，生命周期评估（LCA）有助于评估与六种弹药废水处理配置（特别是 GAC）相关的环境影响，并与包括离子交换 (IX)、反渗透 (RO)、好氧颗粒反应器 (AGR)、紫外线/H2O2 和臭氧技术组合在内的五种配置进行比较。生命周期评估比较了处理 1 立方米弹药废水产生的环境影响、各生命周期阶段的影响以及 IX、RO 和 GAC 更换频率的影响。结果表明，在生产、运输和处置过程中的十个环境影响类别中，IX 树脂对与 AGR（用于流经处理）和臭氧（用于 IX 再生剂处理）产生的影响在九个类别中比 GAC 少 22 ± 18%。使用臭氧或 AGR 的处理组比使用 UV/H2O2 的处理组产生的环境影响少 35%。对于大多数处理技术而言，生产和使用阶段产生的环境影响要大于运输和处置阶段。本生命周期评估深入分析了六种弹药废水处理技术的可持续性，并确定了可改善处理可持续性的领域。

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来源期刊

Advanced Sustainable Systems Environmental Science-General Environmental Science

CiteScore

10.80

自引率

4.20%

发文量

186

期刊介绍： Advanced Sustainable Systems, a part of the esteemed Advanced portfolio, serves as an interdisciplinary sustainability science journal. It focuses on impactful research in the advancement of sustainable, efficient, and less wasteful systems and technologies. Aligned with the UN's Sustainable Development Goals, the journal bridges knowledge gaps between fundamental research, implementation, and policy-making. Covering diverse topics such as climate change, food sustainability, environmental science, renewable energy, water, urban development, and socio-economic challenges, it contributes to the understanding and promotion of sustainable systems.