Distribution and trend of explosive cyclones over the Southern Ocean and associated atmospheric and oceanic changes during 1980–2020

IF 4 3区 地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Geoscience Letters Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI:10.1186/s40562-024-00356-4
Xiaoqi Xu, Jiping Liu, Gang Huang, Yifan Ding
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Abstract

In this study, we investigate the climatology and trend of explosive cyclones (ECs) over the Southern Ocean (50oS–70oS) during 1980–2020 by combining a method that is most suited for identifying and tracking cyclones in the Southern Ocean and a latest climate reanalysis. On average, approximately 50 ECs are generated annually over the Southern Ocean, with a significant increasing trend of 2.3 per decade during the studying period. This increasing trend is dominated by the trend of strong ECs, particularly in autumn. We analyze the dynamical and thermodynamical effects associated with multiple deepened strong ECs in autumn over an identified key region in the southern Pacific Ocean sector (155oW–170oW, 50oS–65oS), where the density of the initiation of ECs shows the largest increasing trend in autumn. The composite analysis reveals the general patterns and duration of the effects on the atmosphere, ocean, and sea ice associated with multiple ECs in the southern Pacific Ocean. The results indicate that the deepened strong ECs are associated with significant changes in meridional winds, downward longwave radiation, and sensible and latent heat fluxes. These changes lead to cold sea surface temperature anomalies in the northeast of the key region, reaching a maximum 5–7 days after the EC deepening, and the increased sea ice cover south of the key region, peaking 4–5 days after the EC deepening.
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1980-2020 年期间南大洋爆炸性气旋的分布和趋势以及相关的大气和海洋变化
在本研究中,我们结合最适合识别和跟踪南大洋气旋的方法和最新的气候再分析,研究了 1980-2020 年期间南大洋(50oS-70oS)上空的爆发性气旋(ECs)的气候学和趋势。在研究期间,南大洋上空平均每年产生约 50 个气旋,并呈显著增加趋势,每十年增加 2.3 个。这种增加趋势主要是强EC的趋势,特别是在秋季。我们分析了秋季在南太平洋扇区(155oW-170oW,50oS-65oS)一个已确定的关键区域上空多次加深的强 EC 的相关动力学和热力学效应,在该区域,EC 的起始密度在秋季呈现出最大的增长趋势。综合分析揭示了与南太平洋多EC相关的大气、海洋和海冰效应的一般模式和持续时间。结果表明,强 EC 的加深与经向风、向下长波辐射以及显热和潜热通量的显著变化有关。这些变化导致关键区域东北部海面温度异常变冷,在EC加深后5-7天达到最大值;关键区域南部海冰覆盖面积增加,在EC加深后4-5天达到峰值。
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来源期刊
Geoscience Letters
Geoscience Letters Earth and Planetary Sciences-General Earth and Planetary Sciences
CiteScore
4.90
自引率
2.50%
发文量
42
审稿时长
25 weeks
期刊介绍: Geoscience Letters is the official journal of the Asia Oceania Geosciences Society, and a fully open access journal published under the SpringerOpen brand. The journal publishes original, innovative and timely research letter articles and concise reviews on studies of the Earth and its environment, the planetary and space sciences. Contributions reflect the eight scientific sections of the AOGS: Atmospheric Sciences, Biogeosciences, Hydrological Sciences, Interdisciplinary Geosciences, Ocean Sciences, Planetary Sciences, Solar and Terrestrial Sciences, and Solid Earth Sciences. Geoscience Letters focuses on cutting-edge fundamental and applied research in the broad field of the geosciences, including the applications of geoscience research to societal problems. This journal is Open Access, providing rapid electronic publication of high-quality, peer-reviewed scientific contributions.
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