Interrelationships Between NDVI, Surface Water, and Regional Hydro-Climatic Variables In the Sudd Wetland

IF 1.8 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY Wetlands Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI:10.1007/s13157-024-01851-2

Geno Persico, Wondwosen M. Seyoum, Eric W. Peterson

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Abstract

Climate change and its variability impact water availability in wetlands, jeopardizing their ecosystems. This study focuses on the Sudd Wetland, Africa’s most extensive and one of the world’s largest tropical wetland systems. We analyzed historical climate data (temperature, rainfall) in the Sudd and its upstream regions to assess climate impacts on the wetland’s health (NDVI) and water conditions (surface water extent, lake height) using spatial and temporal trends. The study unveils distinct seasonal and long-term variations in vegetation and temporal fluctuations in surface water dynamics within the Sudd Wetland. While central areas experienced declining NDVI (vegetation cover), peripheries showed an increase. The wetland gained open water surface area, with a slight rise in permanent water (3%) and a significant increase in seasonal inundations (19%). All monitored water bodies in the Sudd displayed a gradual increase in surface water height. Climate shifts are observed as rising temperatures and increased rainfall trends. Annual and seasonal temperatures rose across the basin, with the January-Feburary season experiencing the most significant increase (~ 1.3 °C). Rainfall trends were mostly flat, except for the south-central and southeastern regions, where a statistically significant increase ranging from 5 mm to 17 mm per year was observed. Conclusive evidence from this paper could be used to assess water policy and management in the region while protecting key parts of the hydrologic cycle.

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苏德湿地 NDVI、地表水和区域水文气候变量之间的相互关系

气候变化及其可变性影响着湿地的水供应，危害着湿地生态系统。本研究的重点是萨德湿地，它是非洲面积最大的湿地，也是世界上最大的热带湿地系统之一。我们分析了苏德及其上游地区的历史气候数据（气温、降雨量），利用空间和时间趋势评估气候对湿地健康（净植被指数）和水状况（地表水范围、湖泊高度）的影响。研究揭示了苏德湿地内植被明显的季节性和长期性变化以及地表水动态的时间波动。中心区域的植被覆盖度（NDVI）下降，而外围区域的植被覆盖度（NDVI）上升。湿地开放水域面积增加，永久性水域面积略有增加（3%），季节性淹没面积显著增加（19%）。苏德地区所有受监测的水体的水面高度都在逐渐增加。气候转变表现为气温上升和降雨量增加的趋势。整个流域的年平均气温和季节性气温都有所上升，其中 1-2 月份的气温上升最为显著（约 1.3 °C）。除中南部和东南部地区外，其他地区的降雨量趋势基本持平，据统计，这些地区的降雨量每年增加 5 毫米到 17 毫米不等。本文提供的确凿证据可用于评估该地区的水资源政策和管理，同时保护水文循环的关键部分。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Wetlands 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

4.00

自引率

10.00%

发文量

108

审稿时长

4.0 months

期刊介绍： Wetlands is an international journal concerned with all aspects of wetlands biology, ecology, hydrology, water chemistry, soil and sediment characteristics, management, and laws and regulations. The journal is published 6 times per year, with the goal of centralizing the publication of pioneering wetlands work that has otherwise been spread among a myriad of journals. Since wetlands research usually requires an interdisciplinary approach, the journal in not limited to specific disciplines but seeks manuscripts reporting research results from all relevant disciplines. Manuscripts focusing on management topics and regulatory considerations relevant to wetlands are also suitable. Submissions may be in the form of articles or short notes. Timely review articles will also be considered, but the subject and content should be discussed with the Editor-in-Chief (NDSU.wetlands.editor@ndsu.edu) prior to submission. All papers published in Wetlands are reviewed by two qualified peers, an Associate Editor, and the Editor-in-Chief prior to acceptance and publication. All papers must present new information, must be factual and original, and must not have been published elsewhere.