Could Some Lost Fishing Gears Be Suitable Substrata for Benthic Invertebrates? The Case of Some Colonizer Sponge Assemblages in the Western Mediterranean Sea

Diversity Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI:10.3390/d16090575
Gabriele Costa, Renata Manconi, Gabriele Sanna, Nicola Arrostuto, Nicola Fois, Claudio Sechi, Paolo Tomassetti, Serena Lomiri
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Abstract

This study presents novel information on sponge (Porifera) colonization of artificial substrates in the framework of the LIFE EU Strong Sea Life Project, focusing on the northwestern Sardinian Sea (Western Mediterranean Sea). Five abandoned, lost, or discarded fishing gears (ALDFGs) of the local artisanal fishery from circum-seas of the Asinara Island Marine Protected Area (MPA) were focused. The composition, taxonomic richness, relative abundance, and lifestyle of sponge assemblages are reported. Taxonomic richness is notably high with 2 classes and 13 orders comprising 26 families, 36 genera, and 47 species of Porifera displaying miniaturized body size and dominant encrusting to massive/erect growth forms. New records at species level are reported for the MPA, the Sardinian Sea, and the Western Mediterranean Sea. The successful colonization of the recovered ghost fishing gears by sponges highlights that adaptive strategies of these basal metazoans support their ability to settle and persist on synthetic materials. This dataset contributes to the inventory of (i) recovered ALDFGs in MPAs, (ii) exogenous substrata as suitable substrata for sponge settlement, and (iii) species richness of an MPA and (iv) promotes the biodiversity assessment of the plastisphere in a global context of ocean pollution.
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一些丢失的渔具是否适合底栖无脊椎动物生长?西地中海的一些定殖海绵组合案例
本研究介绍了在 LIFE 欧盟海洋生物强盛项目框架内,以撒丁岛西北部海域(西地中海)为重点,人工底质海绵(多孔动物)定殖情况的新信息。重点研究了阿西纳拉岛海洋保护区(MPA)周边海域当地手工渔业的五种废弃、遗失或丢弃渔具(ALDFGs)。报告了海绵组合的组成、分类丰富度、相对丰度和生活方式。分类丰富度明显较高,包括 2 类 13 目 26 科 36 属 47 种,显示出小型化的体型和主要的结壳到块状/直立生长形式。报告了海洋保护区、撒丁岛海域和西地中海的新物种记录。海绵在回收的幽灵渔具上的成功定殖突出表明,这些基底元胞动物的适应策略支持它们在合成材料上定居和存活的能力。该数据集有助于盘点(i)海洋保护区中回收的 ALDFGs,(ii)适合海绵定居的外源基质,(iii)海洋保护区的物种丰富度,以及(iv)在全球海洋污染背景下促进塑球生物多样性评估。
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