Gradient Separation and Recovery of Pb, Se, Cu, and Hg from Acid Sludge by a Sustainable Hydrometallurgical Process

IF 2.5 3区 材料科学 Q3 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy Pub Date : 2024-08-14 DOI:10.1007/s40831-024-00892-5
Xuexian Jiang, Wenyun Zhu, Wei Liu, Guixiang He, Tao Wei, Yongming Yang, Zhonglin Li, Changmao Liao, Cheng Li, Weiguang Zhang, Yibing Li, Xuejiao Cao
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Abstract

Acid sludge, a by-product of the Cu smelting process rich in Pb, Se, Cu, Hg, and other valuable metals, is a highly recyclable smelting material. Due to its high selenium content and various phase structures that form inter-chemical and inclusion structures with associated minerals such as copper and mercury, selective separation and recovery of Pb, Cu, Se, Hg and other components are limited. To address this problem, a cascade separation process of “H2SO4 + NaClO3 oxidized coordinated leaching—HCl and Na2SO3 selective reduction of selenium—H2C2O4 reduction of copper precipitation—NaH2PO2 reduction of mercury precipitation” was used for the efficient recovery of these metals from acidic sludge. The results showed that excellent outcomes have been obtained under optimal process parameters at each stage. In the oxidation leaching stage, Pb remains in the slag, Se, Cu, and Hg are leached into the solution, and the leaching rate is above 99%. Under appropriate concentrations of hydrochloric acid, Se was selectively separated in a complexation reaction with Na2SO3. The precipitation rate for Se was almost 100%, with Se product purity reaching up to 99.4%. After that, the precipitation rate of Cu in the oxalic acid precipitation is more than 99%, and the precipitation rate of Hg in the sodium hypophosphite reduction process is more than 99%. In addition, 99.09% of total lead, 97.64% of total selenium, 98.97% of total copper and 98.08% of total mercury in the acid sludge entered their separation products. During the process, the acid sludge's metals are effectively separated without introducing difficult impurity ions.

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利用可持续水冶工艺从酸性污泥中梯度分离和回收铅、硒、铜和汞
酸性污泥是铜冶炼过程中产生的一种副产品,富含铅、硒、铜、汞和其他有价金属,是一种高度可回收的冶炼材料。由于其硒含量高,且具有各种相结构,与铜和汞等伴生矿物形成化学间结构和包裹结构,因此铅、铜、硒、汞和其他成分的选择性分离和回收受到限制。针对这一问题,采用了 "H2SO4 + NaClO3 氧化协调浸出-HCl 和 Na2SO3 选择性还原硒-H2C2O4 还原铜沉淀-NaH2PO2 还原汞沉淀 "的级联分离工艺,从酸性污泥中高效回收这些金属。结果表明,在每个阶段的最佳工艺参数下,都取得了很好的效果。在氧化浸出阶段,铅留在渣中,硒、铜和汞被浸入溶液中,浸出率超过 99%。在适当浓度的盐酸中,硒在与 Na2SO3 的络合反应中被选择性地分离出来。硒的沉淀率几乎达到 100%,硒产品纯度高达 99.4%。之后,草酸沉淀中 Cu 的沉淀率超过 99%,次磷酸钠还原过程中 Hg 的沉淀率超过 99%。此外,酸性污泥中 99.09% 的总铅、97.64% 的总硒、98.97% 的总铜和 98.08% 的总汞进入了它们的分离产物。在这一过程中,酸性污泥中的金属得到了有效分离,而且没有引入难以分离的杂质离子。 图文摘要
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来源期刊
Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy
Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy Materials Science-Metals and Alloys
CiteScore
4.00
自引率
12.50%
发文量
151
期刊介绍: Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy is dedicated to presenting metallurgical processes and related research aimed at improving the sustainability of metal-producing industries, with a particular emphasis on materials recovery, reuse, and recycling. Its editorial scope encompasses new techniques, as well as optimization of existing processes, including utilization, treatment, and management of metallurgically generated residues. Articles on non-technical barriers and drivers that can affect sustainability will also be considered.
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