Agronomic Performance and Yield Stability of Elite White Guinea Yam (Dioscorea rotundata) Genotypes Grown in Multiple Environments in Nigeria

Agronomy Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI:10.3390/agronomy14092093

Alice Adenike Olatunji, Andrew Saba Gana, Kehinde D. Tolorunse, Paterne A. Agre, Patrick Adebola, Asrat Asfaw

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Abstract

Yam (Dioscorea spp.) is a main staple tuber crop in Nigeria and the West African region. Its performance is determined by genotypes and also the environment of growth. This study assessed the agronomic performance and yield stability of elite white yam (Dioscorea rotundata) genotypes across diverse Nigerian environments. A total of 25 genotypes were evaluated at three locations in two consecutive growing seasons, 2022 and 2023, for fresh tuber yield, disease resistance, and tuber quality traits. The genotype’s performance and stability for the measured traits were assessed using various analytical tools such as additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) and multi-trait stability index (MTSI). The AMMI analysis revealed significant differences among the genotypes and across the environments for all traits (p < 0.001, p < 0.01). The PCA revealed that the first two principal components (PC1 and PC2) explained a substantial portion of the total variation (49.84%). The MTSI identified four clones: G18, G19, G24, and G16 as promising candidates for improved yam production in Nigeria with high and stable performance for the multiple traits.

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尼日利亚多种环境下种植的白豚草（Dioscorea rotundata）精英基因型的农艺表现和产量稳定性

山药（薯蓣属）是尼日利亚和西非地区的主要块茎作物。其表现取决于基因型和生长环境。本研究评估了尼日利亚不同环境下精英白山药（薯蓣属）基因型的农艺性能和产量稳定性。在 2022 年和 2023 年连续两个生长季节，对三个地点的共 25 个基因型进行了评估，以确定其新鲜块茎产量、抗病性和块茎质量性状。利用各种分析工具，如加法主效应和乘法交互作用（AMMI）和多性状稳定指数（MTSI），对基因型在所测性状上的表现和稳定性进行了评估。AMMI 分析表明，在所有性状上，不同基因型和不同环境之间都存在显著差异（p < 0.001，p < 0.01）。PCA 显示，前两个主成分（PC1 和 PC2）解释了总变异的很大一部分（49.84%）。MTSI 鉴定出四个克隆：G18、G19、G24 和 G16 是尼日利亚山药改良生产的有希望的候选品种，它们在多个性状上都有较高且稳定的表现。

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Agronomy

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