Hantzsch Synthesis of the Calcium Channel Blockers Nifedipine, Diludine, and Nitrendipine Using Methanesulfonic Acid as Catalyst

Abstract

A simple and efficient one-pot three-component method has been developed and applied for the preparation of the calcium channel blockers nifedipine, diludine, and nitrendipine via Hantzsch dihydropyridine synthesis in good yields employing methanesulfonic acid as catalyst. The protocol stands out for mild reaction conditions, shorter reaction time, high yield, and easy workup and purification procedures, which enhance its practicality. Furthermore, the use of inexpensive and greener catalyst contributes to the efficacy and feasibility of the presented synthetic approach.