Soft electroactive polymer actuators based on regioregular/regiorandom-poly(3-hexylthiophene) blends with a nanofiber structure

Abstract

An ionic electroactive polymer actuator (IEPA) was fabricated in this study using a blend of regioregular-poly(3-hexylthiophene) (RR-P3HT) nanofibers, regiorandom-P3HT (RRa-P3HT), and polybutadiene rubber (PBR). The RR-P3HT nanofiber mat, which was reinforced with RRa-P3HT as tie chains and PBR as a flexible matrix, exhibited a large surface area where the nanofibers contacted the electrolyte. Therefore, efficient actuation is expected to synergize with the superior carrier mobility inherent in the nanofibrous architecture. The blended actuator, which preserved the RR-P3HT nanofiber structure, exhibited a substantial bending angle exceeding 80° following the redox reaction while sustaining reversible actuation for more than 30 cycles. An optimal scan rate below 100 mV s⁻¹ was required to obtain substantial actuation. Therefore, the RR-P3HT nanofibers blended with RRa-P3HT and PBR demonstrated remarkable functionality as an IEPA, which was characterized by a significant bending angle and enduring cyclic actuation capabilities.