Systematic review and meta-analysis of soil-transmitted helminth infections in South America (2000–2024)

IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY Acta tropica Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI:10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107400
Andrea Servián , Nicolás Garimano , María Soledad Santini
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Abstract

Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) are parasitic nematodes commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions, where poor sanitation makes them a significant public health concern. This study provides a comprehensive review and meta-analysis of human STH infections across 13 South American countries from 2000 to 2023. It covers these infections' prevalence, distribution, and diagnosis, highlighting the environmental factors influencing transmission pathways. The review identified 134 studies on human STH infections, revealing Brazil as the most researched country. The meta-analysis found prevalence rates of Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, hookworms, and Strongyloides stercoralis below 20 %, with notable heterogeneity across studies. Most studies used conventional microscopy for diagnosis, pointing out the need for implementing advanced diagnostic tools. Environmental and climatic factors, including temperature annual range, vegetation density, soil types, and properties were significant predictors of STH prevalence. The study calls for more research performing advanced diagnostic methods and broader geographical coverage to address existing data gaps. Furthermore, it emphasizes the need for holistic public health policies integrating biomedical and environmental approaches to ensure effective disease management.

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南美洲土壤传播蠕虫感染的系统回顾和荟萃分析(2000-2024 年)
土壤传播蠕虫(STHs)是一种寄生线虫,常见于热带和亚热带地区,这些地区卫生条件差,是一个重大的公共卫生问题。本研究对 2000 年至 2023 年南美洲 13 个国家的人类 STH 感染情况进行了全面回顾和荟萃分析。它涵盖了这些感染的发病率、分布和诊断,并强调了影响传播途径的环境因素。综述确定了 134 项有关人类性传播疾病感染的研究,发现巴西是研究最多的国家。荟萃分析发现,蛔虫、毛滴虫、钩虫和Strongyloides stercoralis的感染率低于20%,不同研究之间存在明显的异质性。大多数研究使用传统显微镜进行诊断,这表明需要采用先进的诊断工具。环境和气候因素,包括气温年变化范围、植被密度、土壤类型和性质,都是预测 STH 感染率的重要因素。该研究呼吁开展更多研究,采用先进的诊断方法和更广泛的地理覆盖范围,以解决现有的数据缺口。此外,研究还强调需要制定综合的公共卫生政策,将生物医学和环境方法结合起来,以确保有效的疾病管理。
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来源期刊
Acta tropica
Acta tropica 医学-寄生虫学
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
11.10%
发文量
383
审稿时长
37 days
期刊介绍: Acta Tropica, is an international journal on infectious diseases that covers public health sciences and biomedical research with particular emphasis on topics relevant to human and animal health in the tropics and the subtropics.
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