The COVID-19 pandemic and associated declines in cancer incidence by race/ethnicity and census-tract level SES, rurality, and persistent poverty status

IF 2.9 2区医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY Cancer Medicine Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI:10.1002/cam4.70220

Benmei Liu, Mandi Yu, Jeffrey Byrne, Katheen A. Cronin, Eric J. Feuer

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Abstract

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on cancer screening and treatment, particularly in 2020. However, no single study has comprehensively analyzed its effects on cancer incidence and disparities among groups such as race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status (SES), persistent poverty (PP), and rurality.

Methods

Utilizing the recent data from the United States National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, we calculated delay- and age-adjusted incidence rates for 13 cancer sites in 2020 and 2015–2019. Percent changes (PCs) of rates in 2020 compared to 2015–2019 were measured and compared across race/ethnic, census tract-level SES, PP, and rurality groups.

Results

Overall, incidence rates decreased from 2015–2019 to 2020, with varying PCs by cancer sites and population groups. Notably, NH Blacks showed significantly larger PCs than NH Whites in female lung, prostate, and colon cancers (e.g., prostate cancer: NH Blacks −7.3, 95% CI: [−9.0, −5.5]; NH Whites: −3.1, 95% CI: [−3.9, −2.2]). Significantly larger PCs were observed for the lowest versus highest SES groups (prostate cancer), PP versus non-PP groups (prostate and female breast cancer), and all urban versus rural areas (prostate, female breast, female and male lung, colon, cervix, melanoma, liver, bladder, and kidney cancer).

Conclusions

The COVID-19 pandemic coincided with reduction in incidence rates in the U.S. in 2020 and was associated with worsening disparities among groups, including race/ethnicity, SES, rurality, and PP groups, across most cancer sites. Further investigation is needed to understand the specific effects of COVID-19 on different population groups of interest.

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COVID-19 大流行以及按种族/人种和人口普查区 SES、乡村和持续贫困状况分列的相关癌症发病率下降情况

背景 COVID-19 大流行对癌症筛查和治疗产生了重大影响，尤其是在 2020 年。然而，还没有一项研究全面分析了它对癌症发病率的影响以及种族/民族、社会经济地位（SES）、持续贫困（PP）和乡村等群体之间的差异。方法利用美国国家癌症研究所监测、流行病学和最终结果项目的最新数据，我们计算了 2020 年和 2015-2019 年 13 个癌症部位的延迟和年龄调整后发病率。测量了 2020 年与 2015-2019 年相比的发病率百分比变化 (PC)，并对不同种族/族裔、人口普查区级 SES、PP 和乡村组进行了比较。结果总体而言，2015-2019 年至 2020 年的发病率有所下降，不同癌症部位和人群的 PCs 有所不同。值得注意的是，在女性肺癌、前列腺癌和结肠癌方面，新罕布什尔州黑人的 PC 值明显高于新罕布什尔州白人（例如，前列腺癌：NH Blacks -7.3, 95% CI: [-9.0, -5.5]; NH Whites：-3.1，95% CI：[-3.9，-2.2]）。在社会经济地位最低组与社会经济地位最高组（前列腺癌）、PP 组与非 PP 组（前列腺癌和女性乳腺癌）以及所有城市地区与农村地区（前列腺癌、女性乳腺癌、女性和男性肺癌、结肠癌、宫颈癌、黑色素瘤、肝癌、膀胱癌和肾癌）中，均观察到显著较大的 PCs。结论 COVID-19 大流行与 2020 年美国癌症发病率下降同时发生，并与大多数癌症部位的种族/族裔、社会经济地位、农村地区和 PP 群体等群体间的差异恶化有关。要了解 COVID-19 对不同人群的具体影响，还需要进一步的调查。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Cancer Medicine ONCOLOGY-

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

2.50%

发文量

907

审稿时长

19 weeks

期刊介绍： Cancer Medicine is a peer-reviewed, open access, interdisciplinary journal providing rapid publication of research from global biomedical researchers across the cancer sciences. The journal will consider submissions from all oncologic specialties, including, but not limited to, the following areas: Clinical Cancer Research Translational research ∙ clinical trials ∙ chemotherapy ∙ radiation therapy ∙ surgical therapy ∙ clinical observations ∙ clinical guidelines ∙ genetic consultation ∙ ethical considerations Cancer Biology: Molecular biology ∙ cellular biology ∙ molecular genetics ∙ genomics ∙ immunology ∙ epigenetics ∙ metabolic studies ∙ proteomics ∙ cytopathology ∙ carcinogenesis ∙ drug discovery and delivery. Cancer Prevention: Behavioral science ∙ psychosocial studies ∙ screening ∙ nutrition ∙ epidemiology and prevention ∙ community outreach. Bioinformatics: Gene expressions profiles ∙ gene regulation networks ∙ genome bioinformatics ∙ pathwayanalysis ∙ prognostic biomarkers. Cancer Medicine publishes original research articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and research methods papers, along with invited editorials and commentaries. Original research papers must report well-conducted research with conclusions supported by the data presented in the paper.