The Influence of Clopyralid in Soil on Leaf Morphology of Pisum sativum L. and Its Relationship with Shoot Clopyralid Concentrations

IF 2.3 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY ACS agricultural science & technology Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI:10.1021/acsagscitech.4c0012410.1021/acsagscitech.4c00124
Sayuri Namiki*,  and , Nobuyasu Seike, 
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Abstract

The relationship between leaf symptoms caused by clopyralid and shoot concentrations of clopyralid was investigated by cultivating Pisum sativum L. At 1–10 μg/kg-dry weight (DW) of clopyralid in soil, the clopyralid concentrations in shoots increased up to 14 days and then decreased by 28 days after sowing. The fifth seedling leaf, which expressed the most serious symptoms, developed during the period when the shoot concentrations of clopyralid were at their highest and the symptoms in leaves formed after the fifth leaf became slightly less pronounced as the shoot clopyralid concentrations decreased. Thus, the severity of leaf symptoms depended on the shoot clopyralid concentration. The EC50 and EC10 values of clopyralid for P. sativum were calculated from the dose–response curve using an injury index based on the degree of leaf symptoms. The EC50 value was 30.9 μg/kg-DW (95% CI 28.4–33.4 μg/kg-DW), and the EC10 value was 3.2 μg/kg-DW (95% CI 2.2–4.1 μg/kg-DW), respectively. In addition, the dose–response curve obtained using the injury index increased from 1 μg/kg-DW of clopyralid in soil, confirming that the injury index could be used to estimate soil concentrations within a range that causes physiological disorders.

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土壤中氯吡菌胺对豌豆叶片形态的影响及其与嫩枝氯吡菌胺浓度的关系
在土壤中添加 1-10 μg/kg 干重(DW)的氯吡脲时,芽中的氯吡脲浓度在播种后 14 天内上升,28 天后下降。幼苗第五片叶子的症状最严重,它是在嫩枝中氯吡菌胺浓度最高时长出的,而随着嫩枝中氯吡菌胺浓度的降低,第五片叶子之后长出的叶子的症状也略有减轻。因此,叶片症状的严重程度取决于嫩枝的氯吡菌胺浓度。根据叶片症状程度的伤害指数,通过剂量-反应曲线计算出氯吡菌胺对 P. sativum 的 EC50 和 EC10 值。EC50值为30.9 μg/kg-DW(95% CI为28.4-33.4 μg/kg-DW),EC10值为3.2 μg/kg-DW(95% CI为2.2-4.1 μg/kg-DW)。此外,使用伤害指数得出的剂量-反应曲线从土壤中氯吡菌胺的 1 μg/kg-DW 开始上升,这证明伤害指数可用于估算导致生理紊乱的土壤浓度范围。
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