Extracellular vesicles in the HCC microenvironment: Implications for therapy and biomarkers

IF 9.1 2区 医学 Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pharmacological research Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI:10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107419
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Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) stands as the sixth most prevalent cancer and the third leading cause of cancer mortality globally. Despite surgical resection being the preferred approach for early-stage HCC, most patients are diagnosed at intermediate to advanced stages, limiting treatment options to chemotherapy and immunotherapy, which often yield poor outcomes. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), minute lipid-bilayered particles released by diverse cells under various physiological and pathological conditions, are crucial for mediating communication between cells. Mounting evidence indicates that EVs sourced from different cells can profoundly influence the HCC tumor microenvironment (TME), thereby affecting the progression of HCC. Given their immunogenicity and liver-targeting properties, these EVs not only hold promise for HCC treatment but also provide avenues for advancing early diagnostic methods and assessing prognosis. This review not only describes the function of EVs within the HCC tumor microenvironment but also analyzes their therapeutic advantages and explores their significance in various therapeutic approaches for HCC, including chemotherapy, immunotherapy, combination therapy, and their role as innovative drug delivery carriers. Furthermore, it highlights the potential of EVs as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC.

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HCC 微环境中的细胞外囊泡:对治疗和生物标记物的影响
肝细胞癌(HCC)是全球发病率第六高的癌症,也是导致癌症死亡的第三大原因。尽管手术切除是治疗早期肝细胞癌的首选方法,但大多数患者确诊时已是中晚期,因此治疗方法仅限于化疗和免疫疗法,而这两种疗法往往疗效不佳。细胞外小泡(EVs)是不同细胞在各种生理和病理条件下释放的微小脂质分层颗粒,是细胞间沟通的关键媒介。越来越多的证据表明,来自不同细胞的EVs可对HCC肿瘤微环境(TME)产生深远影响,从而影响HCC的进展。鉴于其免疫原性和肝脏靶向特性,这些EVs不仅有望用于HCC的治疗,还为推进早期诊断方法和评估预后提供了途径。这篇综述不仅描述了 EVs 在 HCC 肿瘤微环境中的功能,还分析了它们的治疗优势,并探讨了它们在 HCC 各种治疗方法中的意义,包括化疗、免疫疗法、联合疗法以及它们作为创新药物递送载体的作用。此外,它还强调了 EVs 作为诊断和预后 HCC 的生物标记物的潜力。
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来源期刊
Pharmacological research
Pharmacological research 医学-药学
CiteScore
18.70
自引率
3.20%
发文量
491
审稿时长
8 days
期刊介绍: Pharmacological Research publishes cutting-edge articles in biomedical sciences to cover a broad range of topics that move the pharmacological field forward. Pharmacological research publishes articles on molecular, biochemical, translational, and clinical research (including clinical trials); it is proud of its rapid publication of accepted papers that comprises a dedicated, fast acceptance and publication track for high profile articles.
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