Detection of archaeological structure on the slope ground using geophysical methods: The case of the Castle of Canossa

IF 2.2 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Journal of Applied Geophysics Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI:10.1016/j.jappgeo.2024.105521
Annalisa Capurso , Lara De Giorgi , Ivan Ferrari , Francesco Giuri , Giovanni Leucci
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Abstract

Canossa Castle is located in the municipality of Canossa 18 km South of Reggio Emilia (North Italy). It was constructed in 940 by Adalberto Atto, son of Sigifredo of Lucca. Lombard chieftains needed this strategic hill to defend their lands against intrusions of other barbarian tribes. Subsequent improvements made the stronghold one of the best-defended castles in the country. Canossa Castle became particularly famous as a site of reconciliation between King Henry IV and Roman Pope Gregory VII during the Investiture Controversy in 1077.

To redevelop the area and create an easy tourist route, the Superintendence of Archaeology, Fine Arts and Landscape for the Metropolitan City of Bologna and the Provinces of Modena, Reggio Emilia and Ferrara planned excavations in the area close to the Castle. To get precise information on where to carry out excavations geophysical surveys were undertaken in the spring of 2021. The castle stands on a rock with a steep slope and dense vegetation and this makes it very difficult to carry out geophysical prospecting. This guided the choice of geophysical methodologies to be used. For this reason, electrical resistivity tomography was used along the steep slope, while in the narrow flatter area, the ground penetrating radar methodology was used. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the chosen geophysical methodologies.

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利用地球物理方法探测斜坡地面上的考古结构:卡诺萨城堡案例
卡诺萨城堡位于意大利北部雷焦艾米利亚以南 18 公里处的卡诺萨市。它由卢卡的西吉弗雷多(Sigifredo)的儿子阿达尔贝托-阿托(Adalberto Atto)建于 940 年。伦巴第酋长们需要这座战略要地来保卫他们的土地,抵御其他野蛮部落的入侵。随后的改进使这座要塞成为全国防御最严密的城堡之一。卡诺萨城堡因 1077 年国王亨利四世与罗马教皇格里高利七世在财产分配之争中达成和解而闻名于世。为了重新开发该地区并打造一条便捷的旅游路线,博洛尼亚大都会、摩德纳省、雷焦艾米利亚省和费拉拉省考古、美术和景观管理局计划在城堡附近地区进行发掘。为了获得挖掘地点的准确信息,2021 年春季进行了地球物理勘测。城堡矗立在岩石上,坡度陡峭,植被茂密,因此很难进行地球物理勘探。这为选择地球物理方法提供了指导。因此,在陡坡上使用了电阻率层析成像法,而在狭窄平坦的区域则使用了地面穿透雷达法。结果证明了所选地球物理方法的有效性。
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来源期刊
Journal of Applied Geophysics
Journal of Applied Geophysics 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
10.00%
发文量
274
审稿时长
4 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Applied Geophysics with its key objective of responding to pertinent and timely needs, places particular emphasis on methodological developments and innovative applications of geophysical techniques for addressing environmental, engineering, and hydrological problems. Related topical research in exploration geophysics and in soil and rock physics is also covered by the Journal of Applied Geophysics.
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