When less is more: The effects of correctional education downsizing on reincarceration

Abstract

Correctional education is prevalent but costly. However, there is limited evidence on how educational programs affect outcomes like recidivism. This paper examines the impact of correctional education downsizing on reincarceration likelihood, focusing on the Windham School District within the Texas Department of Criminal Justice. In the 2012 academic year, educational programs in certain facilities were downsized due to budget cuts. Using released inmates and campus profiles data, and a difference-in-difference strategy, the study finds that inmates released from downsized facilities are 11% less likely to be reincarcerated within 12 months. Although I cannot rule out other mechanisms, suggestive evidence shows that higher gains accrued to students who remained in the program. These students might have benefited from smaller class sizes and better peer composition, potentially offsetting the negative effects of fewer inmates receiving training. The study underscores the need for targeted and efficiency in correctional education programs.