Association Between Self-Reported Infections and Seropositivity Among Pregnant Women With Gastroschisis: A Case Control Study, With Emphasis on Chlamydia trachomatis

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q4 DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY Birth Defects Research Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI:10.1002/bdr2.2400

M. L. Feldkamp, E. Baum-Jones, E. Y. Enioutina, S. Krikov, K. Kamath

{"title":"Association Between Self-Reported Infections and Seropositivity Among Pregnant Women With Gastroschisis: A Case Control Study, With Emphasis on Chlamydia trachomatis","authors":"M. L. Feldkamp, E. Baum-Jones, E. Y. Enioutina, S. Krikov, K. Kamath","doi":"10.1002/bdr2.2400","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Background</h3>\n \n <p>Gastroschisis is a birth defect with the greatest risk among women <20 years of age.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>Pregnant women attending the University of Utah's Maternal-Fetal Medicine Diagnostic Center between 2011 and 2017 for either their routine diagnostic ultrasound or referral were recruited (cases: pregnant women with fetal gastroschisis, <i>n</i> = 53 participated/57, 93%; controls: pregnant women without fetal abnormalities, <i>n</i> = 102 participated/120, 85%). A clinic coordinator consented and interviewed women and obtained a blood sample and prenatal medical records. We evaluated self-reported maternal characteristics, risk factors, and infections. To assess pathogen seropositivity we used Serimmune's Serum Epitope Repertoire Analysis validated 35 pathogen panels and <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> and compared seropositivity to self-report and prenatal medical record screening to assess sensitivity.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>Cases were more likely to report a younger age at sexual debut (<i>p</i> = <0.01), more sexual partners (<i>p</i> = 0.02), being unmarried (<i>p</i> < 0.01), changing partners between pregnancies (<i>p</i> = <0.01), smoking cigarettes (<0.01), and a recent sexually transmitted infection (STI) (<i>p</i> = 0.02). No differences were observed for self-report of illicit drug use or periconceptional urinary tract infections. Cases had a higher seropositivity for cytomegalovirus (<i>p</i> = 0.01). No differences were observed for herpes simplex I, II, or Epstein–Barr. Though based on small numbers, <i>C. trachomatis</i> seropositivity was highest in cases (17%) compared to controls (8.8%) with the highest proportion observed in case women <20 years of age (cases 33%; controls 0%). Any STI (self-report or seropositivity) was also highest among cases <20 years of age (cases 47%; controls 0%). Among <i>C. trachomatis</i> seropositive women, self-report and prenatal medical record sensitivity was 27.8% and 3%, respectively.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>Cases were more likely to engage in behaviors that can increase their risk of exposure to sexually transmitted pathogens. Case women <20 years of age had the highest proportion of <i>C. trachomatis</i> seropositivity and any STI. Prenatal medical records and self-report were inadequate to identify a recent chlamydial infection whereas, the SERA assay is a novel approach for evaluating subclinical infections that may impact the developing embryo.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":9121,"journal":{"name":"Birth Defects Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bdr2.2400","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Birth Defects Research","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bdr2.2400","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Gastroschisis is a birth defect with the greatest risk among women <20 years of age.

Methods

Pregnant women attending the University of Utah's Maternal-Fetal Medicine Diagnostic Center between 2011 and 2017 for either their routine diagnostic ultrasound or referral were recruited (cases: pregnant women with fetal gastroschisis, n = 53 participated/57, 93%; controls: pregnant women without fetal abnormalities, n = 102 participated/120, 85%). A clinic coordinator consented and interviewed women and obtained a blood sample and prenatal medical records. We evaluated self-reported maternal characteristics, risk factors, and infections. To assess pathogen seropositivity we used Serimmune's Serum Epitope Repertoire Analysis validated 35 pathogen panels and Chlamydia trachomatis and compared seropositivity to self-report and prenatal medical record screening to assess sensitivity.

Results

Cases were more likely to report a younger age at sexual debut (p = <0.01), more sexual partners (p = 0.02), being unmarried (p < 0.01), changing partners between pregnancies (p = <0.01), smoking cigarettes (<0.01), and a recent sexually transmitted infection (STI) (p = 0.02). No differences were observed for self-report of illicit drug use or periconceptional urinary tract infections. Cases had a higher seropositivity for cytomegalovirus (p = 0.01). No differences were observed for herpes simplex I, II, or Epstein–Barr. Though based on small numbers, C. trachomatis seropositivity was highest in cases (17%) compared to controls (8.8%) with the highest proportion observed in case women <20 years of age (cases 33%; controls 0%). Any STI (self-report or seropositivity) was also highest among cases <20 years of age (cases 47%; controls 0%). Among C. trachomatis seropositive women, self-report and prenatal medical record sensitivity was 27.8% and 3%, respectively.

Conclusions

Cases were more likely to engage in behaviors that can increase their risk of exposure to sexually transmitted pathogens. Case women <20 years of age had the highest proportion of C. trachomatis seropositivity and any STI. Prenatal medical records and self-report were inadequate to identify a recent chlamydial infection whereas, the SERA assay is a novel approach for evaluating subclinical infections that may impact the developing embryo.

Abstract Image

查看原文

微信好友朋友圈 QQ好友复制链接

本刊更多论文

患有胃泌素瘤的孕妇自述感染与血清阳性之间的关系：以沙眼衣原体为重点的病例对照研究

背景胃畸形是一种出生缺陷，在 20 岁女性中风险最大。方法招募 2011 年至 2017 年期间到犹他大学母胎医学诊断中心进行常规超声诊断或转诊的孕妇（病例：患有胎儿胃裂的孕妇，n = 53 人/57 人，占 93%；对照：没有胎儿畸形的孕妇，n = 102 人/120 人，占 85%）。一名诊所协调员在征得孕妇同意后对其进行了访谈，并获取了血样和产前病历。我们对孕妇自我报告的特征、风险因素和感染情况进行了评估。为了评估病原体血清阳性率，我们使用了 Serimmune 的血清表位汇分析验证了 35 种病原体和沙眼衣原体，并将血清阳性率与自我报告和产前病历筛查进行了比较，以评估敏感性。结果病例更有可能报告初次性行为的年龄较小（p = <0.01）、性伴侣较多（p = 0.02）、未婚（p = <0.01）、在两次怀孕之间更换性伴侣（p = <0.01）、吸烟（<0.01）以及最近感染过性传播疾病（STI）（p = 0.02）。在自我报告使用非法药物或围产期尿路感染方面没有观察到差异。病例的巨细胞病毒血清阳性率较高（p = 0.01）。在单纯疱疹 I 型、II 型或 Epstein-Barr 病毒方面未观察到差异。沙眼衣原体血清阳性率在病例中最高（17%），而在对照组中仅为 8.8%，病例中年龄在 20 岁以下的女性比例最高（病例为 33%；对照组为 0%）。任何性传播感染（自我报告或血清阳性）在病例 <20 岁中的比例也最高（病例 47%；对照组 0%）。在沙眼衣原体血清阳性的妇女中，自我报告和产前病历的敏感性分别为 27.8% 和 3%。结论病例更有可能从事会增加其接触性传播病原体风险的行为。20 岁的病例妇女沙眼衣原体血清阳性和任何性传播感染的比例最高。产前医疗记录和自我报告不足以确定最近是否有衣原体感染，而 SERA 检测法是评估可能影响发育中胚胎的亚临床感染的一种新方法。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文去求助

来源期刊

Birth Defects Research Medicine-Embryology

CiteScore

3.60

自引率

9.50%

发文量

153

期刊介绍： The journal Birth Defects Research publishes original research and reviews in areas related to the etiology of adverse developmental and reproductive outcome. In particular the journal is devoted to the publication of original scientific research that contributes to the understanding of the biology of embryonic development and the prenatal causative factors and mechanisms leading to adverse pregnancy outcomes, namely structural and functional birth defects, pregnancy loss, postnatal functional defects in the human population, and to the identification of prenatal factors and biological mechanisms that reduce these risks. Adverse reproductive and developmental outcomes may have genetic, environmental, nutritional or epigenetic causes. Accordingly, the journal Birth Defects Research takes an integrated, multidisciplinary approach in its organization and publication strategy. The journal Birth Defects Research contains separate sections for clinical and molecular teratology, developmental and reproductive toxicology, and reviews in developmental biology to acknowledge and accommodate the integrative nature of research in this field. Each section has a dedicated editor who is a leader in his/her field and who has full editorial authority in his/her area.